View source for Constructive communication


== Abstract ==
Communication is a big part of project management. 80\% of project managers' time is spent on communication and it is considered a key success factor in projects. When dealing with projects, conflicts are likely to occur and project managers need to manage them in the right way <ref name="DSHandbook">J. Geraldi, C. Thuesen, \& J. Oehmen. (2017). Doing Projects - Nordic flavour to managing projects. Danish Standards Foundation. 96. </ref>. It is important not to look at conflicts negatively but as an opportunity instead. Project managers can gain a greater understanding of themselves and their co-workers when dealing with conflicts <ref name="Scott">Scott Williams. (NA). Communicating Constructively. http://www.wright.edu/~scott.williams/LeaderLetter/communicating.htm. Visited: 09/02/2021.</ref>.  


Constructive communication is a powerful tool to use when dealing with and preventing conflicts. This type of communication addresses the conflict positively and clearly between communicators. It builds understanding, provides sufficient detail for full understanding, and provides clear information. Furthermore, by using constructive communication, the goal is that both sides win by showing a respectful and cooperative attitude. Using constructive communication leaves room for others to share their side and be heard to work together and foster understanding <ref name="Joanie">Joanie V Connors. (2013). Constructive Communication. https://www.academia.edu/4148355/Constructive_Communication. Visited: 09/02/2021.</ref>.

This article examines the importance of constructive communication, especially in dealing with conflicts during projects. In addition, relevant models and guidelines are provided that project managers can use in their work. It is important for project managers to master and keep practicing constructive communication. However, this type of communication is not just relevant within project management. It is useful for everyone willing to learn how to deal with conflicts constructively <ref name="Joanie" />.

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== What is Constructive Communication ==


== Models of Constructive Communication ==

=== Nonviolent Communication ===

=== Clean Communication ===

=== Cooperative Communication ===

=== Centered Communication ===

=== Compassionate Listening ===


== Guidelines for Constructive Communication ==

=== Empathy, Intention and Listen ===

=== Message Form ===

=== Message Meaning ===


== Limitations ==


== Conclusion ==


== Annotated bibliography ==


== References ==
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