Creativity as a Practice in Projects - Revision history

Tkokotas at 12:31, 20 December 2018

2018-12-20T12:31:22Z

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			''Developed by Jakob Hildebrandt Andersen''


	=Introduction=		=Introduction=
	Creativity is a concept familiar to most people. Creativity has many different definitions from different scholarly disciplines, however in the last decades two definitions has general been agreed upon:		Creativity is a concept familiar to most people. Creativity has many different definitions from different scholarly disciplines, however in the last decades two definitions has general been agreed upon:

Dutten: /* Example */

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Example

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	<ref >Ralph L. Kliem, ''Creative, Efficient, and Effective Project Management'' Auerbach Publications 2013, p12-16</ref>		<ref >Ralph L. Kliem, ''Creative, Efficient, and Effective Project Management'' Auerbach Publications 2013, p12-16</ref>

	==~~Example~~==		==Examples==
	Two short examples have been selected to emphasize on some of the statements here in the article. Both cases were presented in 42433 - Advanced Engineering Project, Program and Portfolio Management.		Two short examples have been selected to emphasize on some of the statements here in the article. Both cases were presented in 42433 - Advanced Engineering Project, Program and Portfolio Management.

Dutten at 22:52, 1 December 2014

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	The planning stage is highly relevant for creativity processes, compared to any other face. It is filled with opportunities that can be creatively exploited. The project should be planned so it will progress in the most efficiently and effectively way. To often planning is kept to a few managers with focus on the deliverables and the resources.		The planning stage is highly relevant for creativity processes, compared to any other face. It is filled with opportunities that can be creatively exploited. The project should be planned so it will progress in the most efficiently and effectively way. To often planning is kept to a few managers with focus on the deliverables and the resources.
	<ref >Ralph L. Kliem, ''Creative, Efficient, and Effective Project Management'' Auerbach Publications 2013, p193-206</ref>		<ref >Ralph L. Kliem, ''Creative, Efficient, and Effective Project Management'' Auerbach Publications 2013, p193-206</ref>


	====Executing====		====Executing====

Dutten: /* Advantages/disadvantages */

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Advantages/disadvantages

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	==Advantages/disadvantages ==		==Advantages/disadvantages ==
	Creativity is not all good there are advantages and disadvantages. The advantage/disadvantages can be divided into team level and organizational level.		Creativity is not all good there are advantages and disadvantages. The advantage/disadvantages can be divided into team level and organizational level.
	Advantages at team level
			===Advantages at team level===
	The following benefits the team, assumed that the creative process is handled professionally and appropriately. Creativity can work as a teambuilding exercise. Creativity is happening on a conceptual level, and therefore everybody is able to participate. As everybody can participate, the team develops, and everybody can see his or her contributions to the progress. Working creatively is also rewarding in itself, since generating ideas is making a feeling of fulfillment. Creative processes is also able to open op the minds of more “closed” analytically team members. Leverage of knowledge and experience is also often a benefit from a cross functional creative team.		The following benefits the team, assumed that the creative process is handled professionally and appropriately. Creativity can work as a teambuilding exercise. Creativity is happening on a conceptual level, and therefore everybody is able to participate. As everybody can participate, the team develops, and everybody can see his or her contributions to the progress. Working creatively is also rewarding in itself, since generating ideas is making a feeling of fulfillment. Creative processes is also able to open op the minds of more “closed” analytically team members. Leverage of knowledge and experience is also often a benefit from a cross functional creative team.

Dutten at 22:48, 1 December 2014

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Dutten at 22:31, 1 December 2014

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Dutten at 22:16, 1 December 2014

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Dutten at 20:20, 1 December 2014

2014-12-01T20:20:36Z

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	A project manager faces three categories of challenges, complexity, human behavior and uncertainty(REFERENCE: 42433 - Lecture 01 – Introduction). These challenges can be managed by, among others, system engineering, stakeholder management, risk management and sensitivity analysis, all being very analytical approaches. However the highest performance is achieved when analytical methodologies is linked with creative thinking. Analytical is the safe, straightforward approach to a problem, where creativity is an unclear, random and maybe useless approach. Therefore matching analysis and creativity can achieve the highest performance. Analysis can set the scope, monitor the performance and make incremental improvement, while creativity can “strike gold” by coming up with novel radical ideas. See figure 1, the analytical approach finds incremental changes each increasing performance. The creativity approach finds varying ideas, some very bad, but some uncovering completely new potential<ref name=Ralph/>.		A project manager faces three categories of challenges, complexity, human behavior and uncertainty(REFERENCE: 42433 - Lecture 01 – Introduction). These challenges can be managed by, among others, system engineering, stakeholder management, risk management and sensitivity analysis, all being very analytical approaches. However the highest performance is achieved when analytical methodologies is linked with creative thinking. Analytical is the safe, straightforward approach to a problem, where creativity is an unclear, random and maybe useless approach. Therefore matching analysis and creativity can achieve the highest performance. Analysis can set the scope, monitor the performance and make incremental improvement, while creativity can “strike gold” by coming up with novel radical ideas. See figure 1, the analytical approach finds incremental changes each increasing performance. The creativity approach finds varying ideas, some very bad, but some uncovering completely new potential<ref name=Ralph/>.
	This is all based upon the assumption that the problem is of a high level of complexity and uncertainty. By referring to the ~~Cynefin Framework(REFERENCE)~~ a creativity approach fits very well within the chaotic and complex domain. The complicated domain can also benefit from creativity, but within the simple domain, creativity can easily become a waste of resources and a disturbance of the project current activities.		This is all based upon the assumption that the problem is of a high level of complexity and uncertainty. By referring to the [http://apppm.man.dtu.dk/index.php/The_Cynefin_Framework] a creativity approach fits very well within the chaotic and complex domain. The complicated domain can also benefit from creativity, but within the simple domain, creativity can easily become a waste of resources and a disturbance of the project current activities.

	Creativity is often perceived as only necessary at the initial phase of a project, to facilitate the idea that sparks a business case. However creativity can be used in all phases of the project, from initial concept to finalization. Again, this is only based on very complex and uncertain projects. With very simple projects creativity is often most effective in the first stage. Figure 2 illustrates this situation on Coopers Stage Gate Model<ref>http://www.prod-dev.com/stage-gate.php</ref>.		Creativity is often perceived as only necessary at the initial phase of a project, to facilitate the idea that sparks a business case. However creativity can be used in all phases of the project, from initial concept to finalization. Again, this is only based on very complex and uncertain projects. With very simple projects creativity is often most effective in the first stage. Figure 2 illustrates this situation on Coopers Stage Gate Model<ref>http://www.prod-dev.com/stage-gate.php</ref>.

Dutten: /* Advantages at organizational level */

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Advantages at organizational level

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	The disadvantages mentioned could both be small scale on team level and large scale on organizational level. The disadvantages get to organizational level as soon as the ideas are suggested to the management, a “killer idea” can completely disturb the organization and be a large waste of resources.		The disadvantages mentioned could both be small scale on team level and large scale on organizational level. The disadvantages get to organizational level as soon as the ideas are suggested to the management, a “killer idea” can completely disturb the organization and be a large waste of resources.

	* ~~Cause of~~ anxiety		*Causes anxiety
	*Challenge authority		*Challenge authority
	*Upset team		*Upset team

Dutten: /* Advantages at organizational level */

2014-12-01T19:47:45Z

Advantages at organizational level

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	The disadvantages mentioned could both be small scale on team level and large scale on organizational level. The disadvantages get to organizational level as soon as the ideas are suggested to the management, a “killer idea” can completely disturb the organization and be a large waste of resources.		The disadvantages mentioned could both be small scale on team level and large scale on organizational level. The disadvantages get to organizational level as soon as the ideas are suggested to the management, a “killer idea” can completely disturb the organization and be a large waste of resources.

	*Cause of anxiety		* Cause of anxiety
	*Challenge authority		*Challenge authority
	*Upset team		*Upset team