Group Development - The Tuckman Model - Revision history

Galealarsen at 21:13, 27 February 2021

2021-02-27T21:13:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:13, 27 February 2021
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	= Annotated bibliography =		= Annotated bibliography =
	The following list provides resources for further ~~research and study~~ on the Tuckman Model and ~~for~~ group development:		The following list provides additional resources for further reading on the Tuckman Model and group development:

	*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.		*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.

Galealarsen at 21:10, 27 February 2021

2021-02-27T21:10:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:10, 27 February 2021
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	''Developed by Céline Engelbrecht Galea-Larsen''		''Developed by Céline Engelbrecht Galea-Larsen''

	~~Here there will be~~ the ~~abstract~~. ~~Quality~~ of the ~~summary: Does~~ the ~~summary make~~ the ~~key focus~~, ~~insights and/or contribution~~ of the article ~~clear?~~		'''Abstract'''

			There are various models on group development. This article is suitable for project managers and group members, who wish to gain insight on Bruce Tuckman’s model on group development - a popular model amongst project managers. This article points out that the Tuckman model originally consisted of four stages through which a group pass on the way to becoming a high-performing group. In fact, Tuckman’s model is also known by the names of the four stages – the ‘forming, storming, norming and performing’ model. However, after revisiting the model, Tuckman, together with Mary Ann Conover Jensen, added the ‘adjourning’ stage. These five stages are described in more detail in the section called ‘The Stages of Group Development’. Consequently, in the section ‘Application – A practical approach’, this article provides a practical scenario on how a project manager can apply Tuckman’s model. This article reminds the reader that the Tuckman model does not necessarily have to be followed according to these predetermined five stages but given it is in principle, a theoretical approach, it should be applied according to the specific needs of the group. The latter recommendation is further justified by describing the shortcomings of the Tuckman model in the ‘Limitations’ section. As the Tuckman model is about five decades old, this article also discusses whether the model is still relevant in the age, where working from home is the new norm, practically shifting project management to a virtual setting.

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T20:17:31Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:17, 27 February 2021
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	*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.		*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.
	:- This article was published in the Project Management Journal. ~~By litterature review it~~ presents a self developed ~~model based on e.g the tuckman~~ model in order to describe the individual group members influence on ~~its groups~~ development. Furthermore it provides ~~a discribtion and usefull recomentation for managing~~ the group at each of its presented stages.		:- This article was published in the Project Management Journal. It presents a self developed model in order to describe the individual group members' influence on their group development. The self-developed model is based on various models of group development, the principle one being the Tuckman model. Furthermore, it provides useful recommendations to manage the group at each of its presented stages, which could also be useful to implement by project managers.

	*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.		*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.
	:- This article base their ~~work~~ on the Tuckman model, ~~though~~ they propose that some of the stages ~~are~~ merged and it should be ~~focused more~~ on breaking barriers rather than jumping ~~stages, when a group develops~~. They also argue that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage ~~named~~ the "outperforming" stage, ~~which is only reached by very few groups. They also~~ argue that a project team performance can be ~~enhance~~ by a creative leadership ~~and~~ propose ~~further~~ seven factors which ~~this kind of leadership can effect and~~ in turn ~~make the~~ group ~~closer at reaching~~ the "outperforming" stage.		:- This article brings another element to group development, that is creative leadership. The authors do base their research on the Tuckman model, in that they acknowledge the five stages of group development. However, they propose that some of the stages should be merged and more focus should be put on "breaking the barriers" between each stage, rather than jumping from one stage to another. They also argue that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage, which they call the "outperforming" stage. In addition, they argue that a project team performance can only be enhanced by creative leadership. To this effect, they propose seven factors that is affected by creative leadership, which in turn helps a group reach the "outperforming" stage.

	*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house		*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house.
	:- This book focuses around team dynamics and project management. It ~~focuses on providing~~ the reader with ~~a solid fundament~~ of theory and practical guidelines ~~in order~~ to build a successful performing team. ~~Team~~ development, how to motivate teams, conflict resolutions and empowering others ~~are some of the headlines found in the book~~.		:- This book focuses around team dynamics and project management. It provides the reader with the fundamentals of theory and practical guidelines to build a successful performing team. In this regard, the reader can expect to gain knowledge on, ''inter alia'', team development, how to motivate teams, conflict resolutions and empowering others.

	*Blaskovich, J. L. (2008). Exploring the effect of distance: An experimental investigation of virtual collaboration, social loafing, and group decisions. ''Journal of Information Systems, 22(1)'', 27-46.		*Blaskovich, J. L. (2008). Exploring the effect of distance: An experimental investigation of virtual collaboration, social loafing, and group decisions. ''Journal of Information Systems, 22(1)'', 27-46.
	:- This article takes a quantitative experimental approach in order to analyze the difference between face-face groups and virtual groups with regards to individual effort and group performance. One of their ~~discoveries~~ was that virtual groups ~~where~~ more disposed to loafing behavior. ~~They furthermore~~ suggest ways of optimizing virtual group performance.		:- This article takes a quantitative experimental approach in order to analyze the difference between face-to-face groups and virtual groups, with regards to individual effort and group performance. One of their conclusions was that virtual groups were more disposed to loafing behavior. Furthermore, they suggest ways of optimizing virtual group performance.

	= Reference =		= Reference =
	<references />		<references />

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T14:39:35Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:39, 27 February 2021
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	= Annotated bibliography =		= Annotated bibliography =
	The following list provides resources for further research and study on the Tuckman Model for group development:		The following list provides resources for further research and study on the Tuckman Model and for group development:

	*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.		*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.
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	*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.		*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.
	:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argue that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They also argue that a project team performance can be enhance by a creative leadership and propose further seven factors which this kind of leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "~~ourperforming~~" stage.		:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argue that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They also argue that a project team performance can be enhance by a creative leadership and propose further seven factors which this kind of leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "outperforming" stage.

	*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house		*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T14:21:56Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:21, 27 February 2021
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	*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.		*Adams, S. L., & Anantatmula, V. (2010). Social and behavioral influences on team process. ''Project Management Journal, 41(4)'', 89-98.
	:-		:- This article was published in the Project Management Journal. By litterature review it presents a self developed model based on e.g the tuckman model in order to describe the individual group members influence on its groups development. Furthermore it provides a discribtion and usefull recomentation for managing the group at each of its presented stages.

	*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.		*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.
	:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also ~~argument~~ that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They propose seven factors which ~~a creative~~ leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "ourperforming" stage.		:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argue that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They also argue that a project team performance can be enhance by a creative leadership and propose further seven factors which this kind of leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "ourperforming" stage.

	*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house		*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T13:47:35Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:47, 27 February 2021
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	*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house		*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house
	:- ~~Needs~~ to ~~be done~~		:- This book focuses around team dynamics and project management. It focuses on providing the reader with a solid fundament of theory and practical guidelines in order to build a successful performing team. Team development, how to motivate teams, conflict resolutions and empowering others are some of the headlines found in the book.

	*Blaskovich, J. L. (2008). Exploring the effect of distance: An experimental investigation of virtual collaboration, social loafing, and group decisions. ''Journal of Information Systems, 22(1)'', 27-46.		*Blaskovich, J. L. (2008). Exploring the effect of distance: An experimental investigation of virtual collaboration, social loafing, and group decisions. ''Journal of Information Systems, 22(1)'', 27-46.

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T13:40:11Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:40, 27 February 2021
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	:- Needs to be done		:- Needs to be done

	*~~Jahng~~, N. (~~2012~~). An investigation of collaboration ~~processes in an online course: How do small groups develop over time?~~. ''~~International Review~~ of ~~Research in Open and Distributed Learning~~, 13(4)'', 1-18.		*Blaskovich, J. L. (2008). Exploring the effect of distance: An experimental investigation of virtual collaboration, social loafing, and group decisions. ''Journal of Information Systems, 22(1)'', 27-46.
	:- ~~Needs~~ to ~~be done~~		:- This article takes a quantitative experimental approach in order to analyze the difference between face-face groups and virtual groups with regards to individual effort and group performance. One of their discoveries was that virtual groups where more disposed to loafing behavior. They furthermore suggest ways of optimizing virtual group performance.

	= Reference =		= Reference =
	<references />		<references />

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T13:21:08Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:21, 27 February 2021
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	:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argument that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They propose seven factors which a creative leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "ourperforming" stage.		:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argument that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They propose seven factors which a creative leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "ourperforming" stage.

	*~~Bonebright~~, ~~D. A~~. (~~2010~~). ~~40 years of storming: a historical review of Tuckman~~'~~s model of small group~~ development. ''~~Human Resource Development International, 13(1)'', 111-120. [https://doi.org/10~~.~~1080/13678861003589099~~		*Williams, J. (2002). ''Team development for high-tech project managers''. Artech house
	:- Needs to be done		:- Needs to be done

Galealarsen: /* Annotated bibliography */

2021-02-27T13:17:16Z

Annotated bibliography

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:17, 27 February 2021
Line 97:		Line 97:

	*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.		*Rickards, T., & Moger, S. (2000). Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model. ''British journal of Management, 11(4)'', 273-283.
	:-		:- This article base their work on the Tuckman model, though they propose that some of the stages are merged and it should be focused more on breaking barriers rather than jumping stages, when a group develops. They also argument that there is an additional stage after the "performance" stage named the "outperforming" stage, which is only reached by very few groups. They propose seven factors which a creative leadership can effect and in turn make the group closer at reaching the "ourperforming" stage.

	*Hurt, ~~A. C~~., ~~& Trombley, S~~. ~~M. (2007). The Punctuated-Tuckman: Towards~~ a ~~New Group Development Model~~. ~~Online Submission~~
	~~:- Needs to be done~~

	*Bonebright, D. A. (2010). 40 years of storming: a historical review of Tuckman's model of small group development. ''Human Resource Development International, 13(1)'', 111-120. [https://doi.org/10.1080/13678861003589099		*Bonebright, D. A. (2010). 40 years of storming: a historical review of Tuckman's model of small group development. ''Human Resource Development International, 13(1)'', 111-120. [https://doi.org/10.1080/13678861003589099

Galealarsen at 12:43, 27 February 2021

2021-02-27T12:43:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:43, 27 February 2021
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	''Developed by Céline Engelbrecht Galea-Larsen''		''Developed by Céline Engelbrecht Galea-Larsen''

	Here there will be the abstract		Here there will be the abstract. Quality of the summary: Does the summary make the key focus, insights and/or contribution of the article clear?