Project Performance Management Scorecard - Revision history

Tkokotas at 18:23, 17 November 2018

2018-11-17T18:23:34Z

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			''Developed by Bjarke Schjødt Rasmussen''


	==Abstract==		==Abstract==
	With companies pushed to continuous improve in project management, process efficiency and performance management, there is a need to provide processes that can give help and guides to project managers. The project performance management scorecard or PPMSC is used to increase a projects performance and give an overview of potential obstacles. The projects performance can be measured as the outcome of the different project. The PPMSC incorporates theory from the Balanced scorecard, with a slide adjustment, in order to make work in a project point of view. It also uses parts from the Project life cycle theory to provide a process of the project life cycles phases. It can help project managers keep track of the complex inter-dependencies factors like project phases, stakeholders and "cause and-effect" inside the project. It still have some limitation as it is build, as mentioned, on top of the balanced scorecard and project life cycle. This paper will show how a strategics organizations tool, such as the balanced scorecard, can be used in combination with the the project life cycle theory and a specially developed framework, to provide help to the project manager in the different project phases.		With companies pushed to continuous improve in project management, process efficiency and performance management, there is a need to provide processes that can give help and guides to project managers. The project performance management scorecard or PPMSC is used to increase a projects performance and give an overview of potential obstacles. The projects performance can be measured as the outcome of the different project. The PPMSC incorporates theory from the Balanced scorecard, with a slide adjustment, in order to make work in a project point of view. It also uses parts from the Project life cycle theory to provide a process of the project life cycles phases. It can help project managers keep track of the complex inter-dependencies factors like project phases, stakeholders and "cause and-effect" inside the project. It still have some limitation as it is build, as mentioned, on top of the balanced scorecard and project life cycle. This paper will show how a strategics organizations tool, such as the balanced scorecard, can be used in combination with the the project life cycle theory and a specially developed framework, to provide help to the project manager in the different project phases.

Schjodt92: /* Applications procedure */

2017-10-02T18:49:27Z

Applications procedure

Schjodt92: /* Theory */

2017-10-02T18:44:30Z

Theory

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	===Adjusted Balanced Scorecard===		===Adjusted Balanced Scorecard===
	As mentioned in the previous section the BSC is a strategic organizational tool. In order to make the BSC more useful for project management perspective, a change in view is needed. So instead of looking at the customers the Adjusted balanced Scorecard (ABSC)<ref name="four">'' Vasudevan, I. Sarasconsulting. Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach'' ''http://sarasconsulting.com/downloadfiles/Manage%20project%20performance%20using%20balanced%20scorecard.pdf'' </ref> will look at the stakeholders ~~for~~ the project. It will also use the 3 other aspect in a more project orientated ~~view~~ like financial being used as the projects cost.		As mentioned in the previous section the BSC is a strategic organizational tool. In order to make the BSC more useful for project management perspective, a change in view is needed. So instead of looking at the customers, the Adjusted balanced Scorecard (ABSC)<ref name="four">'' Vasudevan, I. Sarasconsulting. Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach'' ''http://sarasconsulting.com/downloadfiles/Manage%20project%20performance%20using%20balanced%20scorecard.pdf'' </ref> will look at the stakeholders in the project. It will also use the 3 other aspect in a more project orientated way, like financial being used as the projects cost and so on.
	The new four key points are:		The new four key points are:
	*Financial		*Financial
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	*Internal Business		*Internal Business
	*Learning and Growth		*Learning and Growth
	To help go away from the strategic point of view ~~with~~ the "Lag" indicators ~~being~~ in focus, the "Lead" indicators will be ~~used more,~~ to give some warning signals and actions to help meet the strategy.		To help go away from the strategic point of view, where is uses the "Lag" indicators in focus, the "Lead" indicators will then be in focus. This is to give some warning signals and actions that can help meet the strategy.

	===Project life cycle===		===Project life cycle===
	The project life cycle<ref name="five">''Barron,M. and Barron, A. (2013). Project life cycle phases'' ''https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-project-management/'' </ref> ,also know as the project management life cycle, is a tool that helps project managers narrow the focus, ~~align~~ objects and ensure the project finishing on time.		The project life cycle<ref name="five">''Barron,M. and Barron, A. (2013). Project life cycle phases'' ''https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-project-management/'' </ref> ,also know as the project management life cycle, is a tool that helps project managers narrow the focus, aligning objects and ensure the project finishing on time.
	The tool consists of the following steps:		The tool consists of the following steps:
	*Initiation		*Initiation
	During the first phase, called the initiation phase, the projects objectives are fund. It could be in the form of problem or opportunity statement. ~~The~~ right action ~~to take,~~ to fulfill the ~~need~~, ~~are planed as~~ a business case. It consist of the appropriate solution to the given ~~problems~~/opportunity. Each option is then considered to find the right solution to the issues at hand and are tested in feasibility and justification.		During the first phase, called the initiation phase, the projects objectives are fund. It could be in the form of a problem or an opportunity statement. Then to ensure the right action are taken and to fulfill the needs, a business case are planed. It consist of the appropriate solution to the given problem/opportunity. Each option is then considered to find the right solution to the issues at hand, and are tested for feasibility and justification.
	Ones the best solution have been chosen, a project manager is appointed to ~~initiate~~ the project. Milestones and group members are fund and shaped into the project team that can solve the problem/opportunity. Then the project manager seeks approval, from the organization, to move the project into the next phase, the Planning phase.		Ones the best solution have been chosen, a project manager is appointed to start initiating the project. Milestones and group members are fund and shaped into the project team so that they can solve the problem/opportunity. Then the project manager seeks the approval, from the organization, to move the project into the next phase, the Planning phase.
	*Planning		*Planning
	In this phase of the project the goal is to investigate in as much detail as possible. ~~Find~~ the necessary action required to meet the projects objective is identified and planned. It consistent of three main parts. The needed project task and resources is fund and steps is identified in order to meet them. This can also be called "scope management". Project plan is then created that contains the activities, tasks, dependencies and time frames of the project.		In this phase of the project, the goal is to investigate project in as much detail as possible. Finding the necessary action required to meet the projects objective is identified and planned. It consistent of three main parts. The needed project task and resources are fund and steps is identified in order to meet them. This can also be called "scope management". Project plan is then created that contains the activities, tasks, dependencies and time frames of the project.
	With that part complete, the project manager must now identify the risk within the project. This part is also known as "risk management". Here the project manager must identify potential "high-treat" problems and what actions there must be taking in order to counteract them. It can be done by either lowering the risk of the problems ever happening or lower the impact it ~~will~~ have on the project itself.		With that part complete, the project manager must now identify the risk within the project. This part is also known as "risk management". Here the project manager must identify potential "high-treat" problems and what actions there must be taking in order to counteract them. It can be done by either lowering the risk of the problems ever happening or lower the impact it could have on the project itself.
	The stakeholders must also be identified and a plan to communicate with the different stakeholders is created. The stakeholder map is a good tool ~~to use~~ here.		The stakeholders must also be identified and a plan to communicate with the different stakeholders is created. The stakeholder map is a good tool that could be used here.
	At the end a quality plan is made. Here the quality targets, control measurement and a list of customer requirement for the project in order for them to accept it.		At the end a quality plan is made. Here the quality targets, control measurement and a list of customer requirement for the project in order for them to accept it.
	With all these parts done the project manager is now ready to move the project into the Execution phase.		With all these parts done the project manager is now ready to move the project into the Execution phase.
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	===Framework===		===Framework===
	To help ensure the success of using the framework a series of implementations steps are required. These steps are also used to enhance the learning process form the framework.		To help ensure the success of using the framework, a series of implementations steps are required. These steps are also used to enhance the learning process form the framework.

	#Make the Project objectives and the link to Project life cycle(PLC) if possible.		#Make the Project objectives and the link to Project life cycle(PLC) if possible.
	#Establish the project management KPI's as defined as "Lag" indicators		#Establish the project management KPI's as defined as "Lag" indicators
	#Develop ~~KPI's~~ and PLC objects for "Lead" indicators		#Develop KPIs and PLC objects for "Lead" indicators
	#Use cause and effect when implementing the ~~KPI's~~ and specify the impact analysis framework		#Use cause and effect when implementing the KPIs and specify the impact analysis framework
	#Keep watch to improve the project management process		#Keep watch to improve the project management process

Schjodt92: /* Theory */

2017-10-02T18:32:22Z

Theory

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	===Adjusted Balanced Scorecard===		===Adjusted Balanced Scorecard===
	As mentioned in the previous section the BSC is a strategic organizational tool~~, in~~ order to make the BSC more useful for ~~Project~~ perspective a change in view is needed. So instead looking at customers the Adjusted balanced Scorecard (ABSC)<ref name="four">'' Vasudevan, I. Sarasconsulting. Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach'' ''http://sarasconsulting.com/downloadfiles/Manage%20project%20performance%20using%20balanced%20scorecard.pdf'' </ref> will look at the stakeholders for the project. It will also use the 3 other aspect in a more project orientated view like financial being used as the projects cost.		As mentioned in the previous section the BSC is a strategic organizational tool. In order to make the BSC more useful for project management perspective, a change in view is needed. So instead of looking at the customers the Adjusted balanced Scorecard (ABSC)<ref name="four">'' Vasudevan, I. Sarasconsulting. Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach'' ''http://sarasconsulting.com/downloadfiles/Manage%20project%20performance%20using%20balanced%20scorecard.pdf'' </ref> will look at the stakeholders for the project. It will also use the 3 other aspect in a more project orientated view like financial being used as the projects cost.
	The new four key points are:		The new four key points are:
	*Financial		*Financial

Schjodt92 at 18:29, 2 October 2017

2017-10-02T18:29:11Z

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	This is what the main artical is mostly based open. It is written by Ilango Vasudevan. It is made to give project manager to opportunity of using part of the Balanced scorecard and project life cycle and link it together with objectives for the project, project management and project life cycle.		This is what the main artical is mostly based open. It is written by Ilango Vasudevan. It is made to give project manager to opportunity of using part of the Balanced scorecard and project life cycle and link it together with objectives for the project, project management and project life cycle.

			==Conclusion==
			The whole framework is a new way of looking at project management. It has some limitations and demands, but at the same time has good potential, as it can be used to link the more strategic view, from the balanced scorecard, onto the project management and giving both the project manager and strategic management at way of seeing benefits and where process can be improved even more.
	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

Schjodt92: /* Theory */

2017-10-02T18:24:44Z

Theory

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	There are different editions as it have developed throughout the years but the first edition consisted of these four elements<ref>''Jørgensen, S. W. (2008). "Hvordan organisationer fungere'' ''ISBN:9788741251370'' </ref>:		There are different editions as it have developed throughout the years but the first edition consisted of these four elements<ref>''Jørgensen, S. W. (2008). "Hvordan organisationer fungere'' ''ISBN:9788741251370'' </ref>:
	*Financial		*Financial
	The focus here are the identification of financial measurement. Is the classic organisations measurement like cash flow, income, return and more like it. Dependent on which phase the organization is in the return is different. Theses phase are the ''growth phase'',''consolidation'' or a phase known as the ''"Harvesting"'' phase.		The focus here are the identification of financial measurement. Is the classic organisations measurement like cash flow, income, return and more like it. Dependent on which phase the organization is in the return is different. Theses phase are the ''growth phase'',''consolidation'' or a phase known as the ''"Harvesting"'' phase. these at linked to the strategy of the organization.
	*Customer		*Customer
	Here the organization must identify what is important for the customers and their needs. It could be quality, on time delivery or similar.		Here the organization must identify what is important for the customers and their needs. It could be quality, on time delivery or similar. Also measure customer satisfaction, loyalty and new customers.
	*Internal business process		*Internal business process
	A organization should also look at what do it what to excel at. It can the quality, cycle time or low price.		A organization should also look at what do it what to excel at. It can the quality, cycle time or low price. Here it is also very important to look at it as the quality ensures for the organization.
	*Learning and Growth		*Learning and Growth
	This is the most qualitative part where organizations tries to look into the future on where they want to go.		This is the most qualitative part where organizations tries to look into the future on where they want to go. Also focus on the employees. If thrive at work and are satisfied.
			The first 3 elements have the most measurable indicators: Financial, Customer and Internal business. But and at the same time a more soft type of indicators in the ability to learn and Growth.

	~~3 elements have the most measurable indicators: Financial, Customer and Internal business. But and at the same time a more soft type of indicators in the ability to learn and Growth.~~		The first edition was build for a non-divisional organisation and so was hard to implement in a more complex structured company as well as the public sector and a non-profit organisation. This lead to the tool quickly being abandoned by organisations <ref name="two">''Kapland,R.S(2009). "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard" Handbook of

	~~the~~ first edition was build for a non-divisional organisation and was hard to implement in a more complex structured company as well as the public sector and a non-profit organisation. This lead to the tool quickly being abandoned by organisations <ref name="two">''Kapland,R.S(2009). "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard" Handbook of
	Management Accounting Research: Volume 3'' ''http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/10-074.pdf'' </ref>.		Management Accounting Research: Volume 3'' ''http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/10-074.pdf'' </ref>.
	The next generation gave a new measurement that was based on strategic objective that could be linked together as a cause and-effect chain. This is done be linking the different KPI's, in the different areas, together. A Concept used in the BSC is to define indicators as "lead" and "lack" indicators<ref name="three">''Intrafocus (2017). Lead and lag indicators '' ''https://www.intrafocus.com/lead-and-lag-indicators/'' </ref>. "Lag" indicators are the after event indicators like production, accident and more. They are useful for measuring the progress of a project in the company but can't be used to influence the future. The "Lead" indicators are useful in trying to change something or predict the future. It can be described as in-process and predictive indicators. The hard part of the lead indicators is to be able to determine them, as they try to say something about the future, as in comparison to the lag indicators that says something about the present. As the lead indicators tries to predict the future it leaves a chance of being wrong and it is hard to choose the right ones.		The next generation gave a new measurement that was based on strategic objective that could be linked together as a cause and-effect chain. This is done be linking the different KPI's, in the different areas, together. A Concept used in the BSC is to define indicators as "lead" and "lack" indicators<ref name="three">''Intrafocus (2017). Lead and lag indicators '' ''https://www.intrafocus.com/lead-and-lag-indicators/'' </ref>. "Lag" indicators are the after event indicators like production, accident and more. They are useful for measuring the progress of a project in the company but can't be used to influence the future. The "Lead" indicators are useful in trying to change something or predict the future. It can be described as in-process and predictive indicators. The hard part of the lead indicators is to be able to determine them, as they try to say something about the future, as in comparison to the lag indicators that says something about the present. As the lead indicators tries to predict the future it leaves a chance of being wrong and it is hard to choose the right ones.

Schjodt92 at 18:18, 2 October 2017

2017-10-02T18:18:45Z

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	==Abstract==		==Abstract==
	With companies pushed to continuous improve in project management, process efficiency and performance management there is a need to provide processes that can give guides to project managers. The project performance management scorecard is used to increase a projects performance and give an overview of potential obstacles. The projects performance can be measured as the outcome of the different project. The ~~project performance management scorecard~~ incorporates theory from the Balanced scorecard with a slide adjustment, in order to make work ~~with~~ a project point of view. It also ~~used~~ parts from the Project life cycle theory to provide a process of the project life cycles phases. It can help project managers keep track of the complex inter-dependencies factors like project phases, stakeholders and "cause and-effect" inside the project. It still have some limitation as it is a build on ~~framework~~ of balanced scorecard and project life cycle. This paper will show how a strategics organizations tool, as the balanced scorecard, can be used in combination with the project ~~lie~~ cycle theory and a specially developed framework, to provide help to the project manager.		With companies pushed to continuous improve in project management, process efficiency and performance management, there is a need to provide processes that can give help and guides to project managers. The project performance management scorecard or PPMSC is used to increase a projects performance and give an overview of potential obstacles. The projects performance can be measured as the outcome of the different project. The PPMSC incorporates theory from the Balanced scorecard, with a slide adjustment, in order to make work in a project point of view. It also uses parts from the Project life cycle theory to provide a process of the project life cycles phases. It can help project managers keep track of the complex inter-dependencies factors like project phases, stakeholders and "cause and-effect" inside the project. It still have some limitation as it is build, as mentioned, on top of the balanced scorecard and project life cycle. This paper will show how a strategics organizations tool, such as the balanced scorecard, can be used in combination with the the project life cycle theory and a specially developed framework, to provide help to the project manager in the different project phases.

	==Theory==		==Theory==
	As the ~~Project performance management scorecard~~ is a combination of different ~~tool as theory~~ there is a need to explain ~~them~~ to fully understand the end ~~idea~~.		As the PPMSC is a combination of different tools and theories, there is a need to explain these. in order to fully understand the end framework.
	===Balanced Scorecard===		===Balanced Scorecard===
	The idea of developing the balanced scorecard came from, according to Robert Kaplan and David Norton<ref name="one">''Kapland,R.S(2009). "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard" Handbook of		The idea of developing the balanced scorecard came from, according to Robert Kaplan and David Norton<ref name="one">''Kapland,R.S(2009). "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard" Handbook of
	Management Accounting Research: Volume 3'' ''http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/10-074.pdf'' </ref>, that it is impossible for organizations to effective measure efficiency with a narrow number of indicators. At the same time a organization shouldn't have a to large number and complex indicators as it will lead to a lack of overview and give a high possibility of indicators either being misused or not be used at all.		Management Accounting Research: Volume 3'' ''http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/10-074.pdf'' </ref>, that it is impossible for organizations to effective measure efficiency with a narrow number of indicators. At the same time an organization shouldn't have a to large number- and complex indicators, as it often will lead to a lack of overview and give a high possibility of the indicators either being misused or not be used at all.

	The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is then used to help organizations put their cooperate strategy into ~~some~~ more comprehensive objects and Key Performance Indicators(~~KPI's~~).		The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is then used to help organizations put their cooperate strategy into a somewhat more comprehensive set of objects and Key Performance Indicators(KPIs).
	It will also help the organization avoid a short sighted perspective and loose focus on the long term view. It will provide companies a robust measurement and management system for them.		It will also help the organization avoid a short sighted perspective and loose focus on the long term view. It will provide companies a robust measurement and management system for them.
	~~The~~ first edition consisted of four elements:		There are different editions as it have developed throughout the years but the first edition consisted of these four elements<ref>''Jørgensen, S. W. (2008). "Hvordan organisationer fungere'' ''ISBN:9788741251370'' </ref>:
	*Financial		*Financial
	The focus here are the identification of financial measurement. Is the classic organisations measurement like cash flow, income, return and more like it.		The focus here are the identification of financial measurement. Is the classic organisations measurement like cash flow, income, return and more like it. Dependent on which phase the organization is in the return is different. Theses phase are the ''growth phase'',''consolidation'' or a phase known as the ''"Harvesting"'' phase.
	*Customer		*Customer
	Here the organization must identify what is important for the customers and their needs. It could be quality, on time delivery or similar.		Here the organization must identify what is important for the customers and their needs. It could be quality, on time delivery or similar.

Schjodt92: /* Key References */

2017-10-02T16:20:48Z

Key References

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	This is the article where David Norton and Robert S. Kaplan described the roots of the original Balanced scorecard and new innovations that linked it into lager management literature. It shows how the idea of making a performance measurement tool that companies can to measure in according to there strategy had been used an evolved.		This is the article where David Norton and Robert S. Kaplan described the roots of the original Balanced scorecard and new innovations that linked it into lager management literature. It shows how the idea of making a performance measurement tool that companies can to measure in according to there strategy had been used an evolved.

	'''Project Life Cycle phases''' <ref~~>[''Project life cycle phases''] ''https:~~/~~/opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-project-management/'' </ref~~>		'''Project Life Cycle phases''' <ref name="five" />
	To give and overview of the project life cycle this is a part from the project management book by Merrie Barron and Andrew Barron. It shows the tool and the importans of having the full overview of the whole life cycle a project is going through. Form the initiation to the closer.		To give and overview of the project life cycle this is a part from the project management book by Merrie Barron and Andrew Barron. It shows the tool and the importans of having the full overview of the whole life cycle a project is going through. Form the initiation to the closer.

Schjodt92: /* Project life cycle */

2017-10-02T16:20:30Z

Project life cycle

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	===Project life cycle===		===Project life cycle===
	The project life cycle<ref>''Barron,M. and Barron, A. (2013). Project life cycle phases'' ''https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-project-management/'' </ref> ,also know as the project management life cycle, is a tool that helps project managers narrow the focus, align objects and ensure the project finishing on time.		The project life cycle<ref name="five">''Barron,M. and Barron, A. (2013). Project life cycle phases'' ''https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-project-management/'' </ref> ,also know as the project management life cycle, is a tool that helps project managers narrow the focus, align objects and ensure the project finishing on time.
	The tool consists of the following steps:		The tool consists of the following steps:
	*Initiation		*Initiation

Schjodt92: /* Key References */

2017-10-02T16:20:07Z

Key References

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 2 October 2017
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	To give and overview of the project life cycle this is a part from the project management book by Merrie Barron and Andrew Barron. It shows the tool and the importans of having the full overview of the whole life cycle a project is going through. Form the initiation to the closer.		To give and overview of the project life cycle this is a part from the project management book by Merrie Barron and Andrew Barron. It shows the tool and the importans of having the full overview of the whole life cycle a project is going through. Form the initiation to the closer.

	'''Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach''' <ref~~>[''Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach''] ''http:~~/~~/sarasconsulting.com/downloadfiles/Manage%20project%20performance%20using%20balanced%20scorecard.pdf'' </ref~~>		'''Project performance mangement using balanced scorecard(BSC) approach''' <ref name="four" />
	This is what the main artical is mostly based open. It is written by Ilango Vasudevan. It is made to give project manager to opportunity of using part of the Balanced scorecard and project life cycle and link it together with objectives for the project, project management and project life cycle.		This is what the main artical is mostly based open. It is written by Ilango Vasudevan. It is made to give project manager to opportunity of using part of the Balanced scorecard and project life cycle and link it together with objectives for the project, project management and project life cycle.

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 2 October 2017
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	==Applications procedure==		==Applications procedure==
	===Step 1: Make the Project objectives and the link to Project life cycle(PLC) if possible===		===Step 1: Make the Project objectives and the link to Project life cycle(PLC) if possible===
	Here the objectives of the project must be stated. The list of ~~object~~ should be high level qualitative statements but can be in some cases quantitative. After the list of ~~object~~ have been identified the project manager must find the key stakeholders using ~~different~~ tool. it could be stakeholder maps or other. ~~then~~ make the objects into more specific ~~KPI's~~ that can be used throughout the project phases.		Here the objectives of the project must be stated. The list of objects should be high level qualitative statements but can be in some cases quantitative. After the list of objects have been identified the project manager must now find the key stakeholders using various tool. It could be stakeholder maps or other. Then make the objects into more specific KPIs that can be used throughout the project phases.

	A simple table is used to keep track of object and the indicators throughout the different phase of the project		A simple table is used to keep track of object and the indicators throughout the different phase of the project
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	\|}		\|}

	Note that not all objects can be directly linked to a specific phase~~. To then to help identify the phase, the fish bone diagram could be used~~. This could be a enterprise resource planning system or ERP system. With just installing the system won't guarantee a result to the object of increase sales for example.		Note that not all objects can be directly linked to a specific phase. This could be a enterprise resource planning system or ERP system. With just installing the system won't guarantee a result to the object of increase sales for example. To then to help identify the phase, the fish bone diagram could be used.

	===Step 2: Establish the project management ~~KPI's~~ as defined as "Lag" indicators===		===Step 2: Establish the project management KPIs as defined as "Lag" indicators===
	With the objects fund, the "~~lag~~" indicators is identified and put into the ABSC model.		With the objects fund, the "Lag" indicators is identified and put into the ABSC model.
	[[File:Lag indicators.png\|center\|800px\|"Lag" indicators implemented into the ABSC tool]]		[[File:Lag indicators.png\|center\|800px\|"Lag" indicators implemented into the ABSC tool]]
	Then to make keep an overview of the "Lag" indicators and the target measurement, a table is constucted:		Then to make keep an overview of the "Lag" indicators and the target measurement, a table is constucted:
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	\|}		\|}

	===Step 3: Develop ~~KPI's~~ and PLC objects for "Lead" indicators===		===Step 3: Develop KPIs and PLC objects for "Lead" indicators===
	Here the main point to identify the "~~lead~~" indicators in the project. The target objectives and who has the responsibility of making these targets. There are three point as can be seen as a series of steps done by the Project Manager along with the team members of the project and key stakeholders.		Here the main point to identify the "Lead" indicators in the project. The target objectives and who has the responsibility of making these targets. There are three point that can be seen as a series of steps done by the Project Manager, along side with the team members of the project and key stakeholders.
	====Step 3.1: Identify the different indicators====		====Step 3.1: Identify the different indicators====
	The team must now find the different performance "Lead" indicators, that will be useful in the project. It could be view from a project life cycle point of view as the "Requirement gathering" phase.		The team must now find the different performance "Lead" indicators, that will be useful in the project. It could be view from a project life cycle point of view as the "Requirement gathering" phase.
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	As the indicators are fund, there is a need to make target measurement for the indicators to meet in order to measure the success of them.		As the indicators are fund, there is a need to make target measurement for the indicators to meet in order to measure the success of them.
	====Step 3.3: Assign responsibilities====		====Step 3.3: Assign responsibilities====
	For each of the different target measurement, a team member must be assigned the responsibility. This team member then have the responsibility of keeping track of the performance and monitor the progress. This is especially important during the implementation/execution phase as there is a need of monitor the progress status throughout the project.		For each of the different target measurement, a team member must be assigned the responsibility. This team member then have the responsibility of keeping track of the performance and monitor the progress. This is especially important during the implementation/execution phase of a project as there is a need of monitor the progress status throughout the project to control the process.
	To give and overview of theses 3 step the "Lead" indicators, target and the responsibilities is combine in a table:		To give and overview of theses 3 step the "Lead" indicators, target and the responsibilities is combine in a table:
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
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	[[File:Lead indicators.png\|center\|800px\|"Lead" indicators implemented into the ABSC tool]]		[[File:Lead indicators.png\|center\|800px\|"Lead" indicators implemented into the ABSC tool]]

	===Step 4:Use cause and effect when implementing the ~~KPI's~~ and specify the impact analysis framework===		===Step 4:Use cause and effect when implementing the KPIs and specify the impact analysis framework===
	Now the project manager must identify the cause and effect relationship between the two types of indicators.		Now the project manager must identify the cause and effect relationship between the two types of indicators.
	====Step 4.1: Combine====		====Step 4.1: Combine====
	With the "Lead" and "Lag" indicators identified they must then be combined into a single ABSC.		With the "Lead" and "Lag" indicators identified, they must then be combined into a single ABSC.
	====Step 4.2: identify Cause and effect====		====Step 4.2: identify Cause and effect====
	The project manager must now take one indicator at the time ~~and~~ see what is the cause and effect it will have on the other indicators and their measurement ~~done~~ in the previous section.		The project manager must now take one indicator at the time, see what is the cause and effect it will have on the other indicators and their measurement as shown in the previous section.
	====Step 4.3: High impact, High risk====		====Step 4.3: High impact, High risk====
	Different "Lead" indicators have a different level of important. A way to see which are the most important, is to make a diagram with high-low impact on one axis and high-low risk on the other similar to the stakeholder map. When the most high risk high indicators(cause) have been fund the "Lag" indicators that will be impacted(effect) must be fund as well. This leads back to the object that therefore also will be impacted. ~~summarized~~ in this table:		Different "Lead" indicators have a different level of important. A way to see which are the most important, is to make a diagram with high-low impact on one axis and high-low risk on the other similar to the stakeholder map. When the most high risk high indicators(cause) have been fund the "Lag" indicators that will be impacted(effect) must be fund as well. This leads back to the object that therefore also will be impacted. Summarized in this table:
	{\| class="wikitable sortable"		{\| class="wikitable sortable"
	\|+Trace ability matrix		\|+Trace ability matrix
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	Now the whole process is complete and the project manager can use the ABSC to keep track of the projects performance. Here it is important the the Project manager plans project review meetings to make sure he/she gets the right status of the project to monitor possible problems.		Now the whole process is complete and the project manager can use the ABSC to keep track of the projects performance. Here it is important the the Project manager plans project review meetings to make sure he/she gets the right status of the project to monitor possible problems.

	This process helps the project manager identify key projects measurement and ~~KPI's~~ and the link between them. With this a projects chance of succeeding will increase and keep track of stakeholders and their interest in the project.		This process helps the project manager identify key projects measurement and KPIs and the link between them. With this a projects chance of succeeding will increase and keep track of stakeholders and their interest in the project.

	==Limitations==		==Limitations==