RACI Matrix - Revision history

S210443: /* Benefits of the RACI Matrix */

2021-02-24T16:18:24Z

Benefits of the RACI Matrix

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	:; '''Early Deliverable and Work-Package Review'''		:; '''Early Deliverable and Work-Package Review'''

	: When a RACI matrix is shared with all the stakeholders within a project team, it adds value by spotting out any missing deliverable requirements or work-packages, missing roles, missing stakeholders. Thus, it provides an opportunity for early correction of deliverable requirements and work-packages. <ref> Kahn, P. M. and Quranshi, K. A. (2014). Impact of RACI on Delivery & Outcome of Software Development Projects [online]. Rohtak: Fourth International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies. Available at: https://ieeexplore.~~ieee~~.~~org~~/~~abstract/document~~/6783449 (Accessed: 02/09/2021). </ref><ref>Haworth, S. (2021). Eine Zuordnungsmatrix Für Zuständigkeiten Anlegen (RACI-Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/de/raci-matrix-erstellen/ (Accessed: 02/09/2021).</ref>		: When a RACI matrix is shared with all the stakeholders within a project team, it adds value by spotting out any missing deliverable requirements or work-packages, missing roles, missing stakeholders. Thus, it provides an opportunity for early correction of deliverable requirements and work-packages. <ref> Kahn, P. M. and Quranshi, K. A. (2014). Impact of RACI on Delivery & Outcome of Software Development Projects [online]. Rohtak: Fourth International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies. Available at: https://ieeexplore-ieee-org.proxy.findit.dtu.dk/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6783449 (Accessed: 02/09/2021). </ref><ref>Haworth, S. (2021). Eine Zuordnungsmatrix Für Zuständigkeiten Anlegen (RACI-Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/de/raci-matrix-erstellen/ (Accessed: 02/09/2021).</ref>

	== Application of the RACI Matrix ==		== Application of the RACI Matrix ==

S210443: /* Extension of the RACI Matrix */

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Extension of the RACI Matrix

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	There are also other variations of the RACI matrix that give different meanings to the RACI designations e.g. DRASCI, DACI and RATSI. To learn more about those RACI variations please refer to the book ’On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2012’ stated in the Annotated Bibliography.		There are also other variations of the RACI matrix that give different meanings to the RACI designations e.g. DRASCI, DACI and RATSI. To learn more about those RACI variations please refer to the book ’On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2012’ stated in the Annotated Bibliography of this article.

	== Limitations of the RACI Matrix ==		== Limitations of the RACI Matrix ==

S210443: /* Considerations and Rules to create a RACI Matrix */

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Considerations and Rules to create a RACI Matrix

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	*'''Check Responsibilities:''' Check if the stakeholders who are performing the work have too much work of the project assigned to them.		*'''Check Responsibilities:''' Check if the stakeholders who are performing the work have too much work of the project assigned to them.

	*'''One Accountable for Every Task:''' Does every task has only one ~~Accountable~~?		*'''One Accountable for Every Task:''' Does every task has only one accountable?

	*'''Check Authority of the Accountable:''' Check that the people who have been marked as ~~Accountable~~ have the authority to sign off on the task.		*'''Check Authority of the Accountable:''' Check that the people who have been marked as accountable have the authority to sign off on the task.

	*'''Push Authority:''' Try to push authority down the organization by assigning A’s to the lowest rank people possible.		*'''Push Authority:''' Try to push authority down the organization by assigning A’s to the lowest rank people possible.

	*'''Buy-in: ''' Does each stakeholder understand and agree with the role that they are specified to play in this version of the model? Create the RACI chart with the entire team to ensure their buy-in		*'''Buy-in: ''' Does each stakeholder understand and agree with the role that they are specified to play in this version of the model? Create the RACI chart with the entire team to ensure their buy-in.

	*'''Update Regularly:''' Make sure to distribute the RACI matrix regularly and make updates based on feedback.		*'''Update Regularly:''' Make sure to distribute the RACI matrix regularly and make updates based on feedback.

S210443: /* How to use and create a RACI Matix */

2021-02-24T15:35:49Z

How to use and create a RACI Matix

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	:; '''1. Task Identification'''		:; '''1. Task Identification'''

	: Use a WBS as the underlying foundation for the identification of all the tasks involved in delivering the project and divides the project into phases, deliverables, and work packages as part of the structuring process. It helps the project team to develop an objective, rational view of the amount of work required. <ref name="NMMT"/> After, list all identified tasks on the left-hand side of the chart in completion order. “In IT projects, this is most effectively addressed by incorporating the product lifecycle steps and deliverables.” <ref name="The RACI matrix"/> The following ~~figure~~ 2. shows a simplified WBS and gives a brief overview of how such a WBS can serve as an underlying foundation for the RACI's task identification process.		: Use a WBS as the underlying foundation for the identification of all the tasks involved in delivering the project and divides the project into phases, deliverables, and work packages as part of the structuring process. It helps the project team to develop an objective, rational view of the amount of work required. <ref name="NMMT"/> After, list all identified tasks on the left-hand side of the chart in completion order. “In IT projects, this is most effectively addressed by incorporating the product lifecycle steps and deliverables.” <ref name="The RACI matrix"/> The following Figure 2. shows a simplified WBS and gives a brief overview of how such a WBS can serve as an underlying foundation for the RACI's task identification process.


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	:; '''3. Role Definition'''		:; '''3. Role Definition'''

	: Assign RACI to each role and task of the project and complete the cells of the model while identifying who has responsibility, accountability and who will be consulted and informed for each project task. <ref name="The RACI matrix"/> According to the Project Resource Management Overview provided by the Project Management Institute, resource management planning requires different inputs to allocate project resources. Along with the project charter, project management plan, project documents, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets, project roles for the RACI matrix can be determined. For the estimation of resources, tools and techniques like expert judgment, bottom-up estimating, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, data analysis, project management information system, and meetings are used.. <ref name="PMBOK"/> For more information about the estimation of resources, refer to the source 'Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge'. In ~~figure~~ 4. the inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the ~~plan resource management~~ process are depicted.		: Assign RACI to each role and task of the project and complete the cells of the model while identifying who has responsibility, accountability and who will be consulted and informed for each project task. <ref name="The RACI matrix"/> According to the Project Resource Management Overview provided by the Project Management Institute, resource management planning requires different inputs to allocate project resources. Along with the project charter, project management plan, project documents, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets, project roles for the RACI matrix can be determined. For the estimation of resources, tools and techniques like expert judgment, bottom-up estimating, analogous estimating, parametric estimating, data analysis, project management information system, and meetings are used.. <ref name="PMBOK"/> For more information about the estimation of resources, refer to the source 'Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge'. In Figure 4. the inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the Plan Resource Management process are depicted.

S210443: /* Benefits of the RACI Matrix */

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Benefits of the RACI Matrix

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	==== Benefits of the RACI Matrix ====		==== Benefits of the RACI Matrix ====

	The use of a RACI matrix ~~brings~~ benefits to a project. The following section is going to provide the most important benefits of the RACI matrix.		The use of a RACI matrix can bring benefits to a project. The following section is going to provide the most important benefits of the RACI matrix.

	:; '''Streamline Communication'''		:; '''Streamline Communication'''

S210443: /* Benefits of the RACI Matrix */

2021-02-24T08:00:09Z

Benefits of the RACI Matrix

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	:; '''Early Deliverable and Work-Package Review'''		:; '''Early Deliverable and Work-Package Review'''

	: When a RACI matrix is shared with all the stakeholders within a project team, it adds value by spotting out any missing deliverable requirements or work- packages, missing roles, missing stakeholders. Thus, it provides an opportunity for early correction of deliverable requirements and work- packages. <ref> Kahn, P. M. and Quranshi, K. A. (2014). Impact of RACI on Delivery & Outcome of Software Development Projects [online]. Rohtak: Fourth International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6783449 (Accessed: 02/09/2021). </ref><ref>Haworth, S. (2021). Eine Zuordnungsmatrix Für Zuständigkeiten Anlegen (RACI-Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/de/raci-matrix-erstellen/ (Accessed: 02/09/2021).</ref>		: When a RACI matrix is shared with all the stakeholders within a project team, it adds value by spotting out any missing deliverable requirements or work-packages, missing roles, missing stakeholders. Thus, it provides an opportunity for early correction of deliverable requirements and work-packages. <ref> Kahn, P. M. and Quranshi, K. A. (2014). Impact of RACI on Delivery & Outcome of Software Development Projects [online]. Rohtak: Fourth International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6783449 (Accessed: 02/09/2021). </ref><ref>Haworth, S. (2021). Eine Zuordnungsmatrix Für Zuständigkeiten Anlegen (RACI-Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/de/raci-matrix-erstellen/ (Accessed: 02/09/2021).</ref>

	== Application of the RACI Matrix ==		== Application of the RACI Matrix ==

S210443: /* Benefits of the RACI Matrix */

2021-02-24T07:54:01Z

Benefits of the RACI Matrix

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	: Project managers often have multiple tasks at the same time, take on a lot of responsibility, and cover multiple positions in a project. The RACI matrix can be a useful tool to delegate and avoid project manager burnout. It also helps avoid a single point of failure, where all knowledge and responsibility for a task rests on one person, creating silos.		: Project managers often have multiple tasks at the same time, take on a lot of responsibility, and cover multiple positions in a project. The RACI matrix can be a useful tool to delegate and avoid project manager burnout. It also helps avoid a single point of failure, where all knowledge and responsibility for a task rests on one person, creating silos.

	: Additionally, RACI informs the organization about its employee workloads as it shows which roles are assigned to each person. <ref name="Santos">Santos Delos, J.M. (2020). Understanding Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RACI Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://project-management.com/understanding-responsibility-assignment-matrix-raci-matrix/ (Accessed: 02/02/2021). </ref> RACI shows a clear advantage over project management software and tools like [[JIRA]], Scoro, and ProofHub. These tools are capable of organizing projects of a company or group while including features like projects and tasks, contact management, quotes, team collaboration, billing, and reporting. However, these tools miss out on any kind of workload management. RACI does address workload management by simply applying the RACI initials in its matrix.		: Additionally, RACI informs the organization about its employee workloads as it shows which roles are assigned to each person. <ref name="Santos">Santos Delos, J.M. (2020). Understanding Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RACI Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://project-management.com/understanding-responsibility-assignment-matrix-raci-matrix/ (Accessed: 02/02/2021). </ref> RACI shows a clear advantage over project management software and tools like JIRA, Scoro, and ProofHub. These tools are capable of organizing projects of a company or group while including features like projects and tasks, contact management, quotes, team collaboration, billing, and reporting. However, these tools miss out on any kind of workload management. RACI does address workload management by simply applying the RACI initials in its matrix.

	:; '''Set Clear Expectations'''		:; '''Set Clear Expectations'''

S210443: /* Benefits of the RACI Matrix */

2021-02-24T07:53:47Z

Benefits of the RACI Matrix

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:53, 24 February 2021
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	: Project managers often have multiple tasks at the same time, take on a lot of responsibility, and cover multiple positions in a project. The RACI matrix can be a useful tool to delegate and avoid project manager burnout. It also helps avoid a single point of failure, where all knowledge and responsibility for a task rests on one person, creating silos.		: Project managers often have multiple tasks at the same time, take on a lot of responsibility, and cover multiple positions in a project. The RACI matrix can be a useful tool to delegate and avoid project manager burnout. It also helps avoid a single point of failure, where all knowledge and responsibility for a task rests on one person, creating silos.

	: Additionally, RACI informs the organization about its employee workloads as it shows which roles are assigned to each person. <ref name="Santos">Santos Delos, J.M. (2020). Understanding Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RACI Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://project-management.com/understanding-responsibility-assignment-matrix-raci-matrix/ (Accessed: 02/02/2021). </ref> RACI shows a clear advantage over project management software and tools like JIRA, Scoro, and ProofHub. These tools are capable of organizing projects of a company or group while including features like projects and tasks, contact management, quotes, team collaboration, billing, and reporting. However, these tools miss out on any kind of workload management. RACI does address workload management by simply applying the RACI initials in its matrix.		: Additionally, RACI informs the organization about its employee workloads as it shows which roles are assigned to each person. <ref name="Santos">Santos Delos, J.M. (2020). Understanding Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RACI Matrix) [online]. Available at: https://project-management.com/understanding-responsibility-assignment-matrix-raci-matrix/ (Accessed: 02/02/2021). </ref> RACI shows a clear advantage over project management software and tools like [[JIRA]], Scoro, and ProofHub. These tools are capable of organizing projects of a company or group while including features like projects and tasks, contact management, quotes, team collaboration, billing, and reporting. However, these tools miss out on any kind of workload management. RACI does address workload management by simply applying the RACI initials in its matrix.

	:; '''Set Clear Expectations'''		:; '''Set Clear Expectations'''

S210443: /* Assigning RACI roles to a project example */

2021-02-24T07:48:42Z

Assigning RACI roles to a project example

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	[[File:SimplifiedRaciMatrix.jpg\|right\|thumb\|600px\|Figure 1: a simplified RACI matrix <ref name="The RACI matrix"/>]]		[[File:SimplifiedRaciMatrix.jpg\|right\|thumb\|600px\|Figure 1: a simplified RACI matrix <ref name="The RACI matrix"/>]]

	When creating a RACI matrix, it is important to assign the correct RACI roles to the corresponding project team roles. In the following section, the project roles and their indicators from Figure 1 are going to be highlighted in more detail. Figure 1 ~~is illustrating~~ such a simplified RACI matrix and refers to a conventional project team structure within an IT project.		When creating a RACI matrix, it is important to assign the correct RACI roles to the corresponding project team roles. In the following section, the project roles and their indicators from Figure 1 are going to be highlighted in more detail. Figure 1 illustrates such a simplified RACI matrix and refers to a conventional project team structure within an IT project.

	As shown in Figure 1, the project executive and project manager are often assigned the role of the accountable as they are held responsible for the planning, procurement, and execution of a project. At the same time, a project executive also assumes the role of the consulted, since project executives have a wealth of experience that can serve the project to be managed. In addition to the role of the accountable, the project manager, often assumes the role of the informed, as a project manager has to compile all project-related information.		As shown in Figure 1, the project executive and project manager are often assigned the role of the accountable as they are held responsible for the planning, procurement, and execution of a project. At the same time, a project executive also assumes the role of the consulted, since project executives often have a wealth of experience that can serve the project to be managed. In addition to the role of the accountable, the project manager, often assumes the role of the informed, as a project manager has to compile all project-related information.

	In this example, the business analyst and technical architect are responsible for the implementation of the individual work packages. Also, both roles include some consulting as well as informing activities. The business analyst consults the project manager in the first task and is getting informed by the technical analyst on task four. While the technical analyst is getting informed in task one and consulting the business analyst in tasks three and four.		In this example, the business analyst and technical architect are responsible for the implementation of the individual work packages. Also, both roles include some consulting as well as informing activities. The business analyst consults the project manager in the first task and is getting informed by the technical analyst on task four. While the technical analyst is getting informed in task one and consulting the business analyst in tasks three and four.

	Furthermore, the application developers are only going to be informed about the progress of the task. They do not have an active role. That means that the developers do not have to contribute to the project but must be informed about definite activities. In some cases, the project manager also overtakes the role of the responsible. This can happen when the task is not extensive and can be performed very well alone. In this example, the project manager also has assistance from the project executive and business analyst whom both act as consultants.		Furthermore, the application developers are only going to be informed about the progress of the task. They do not have an active role in this project. That means that the developers do not have to contribute to the project but must be informed about definite activities. In some cases, the project manager also overtakes the role of the responsible. This can happen when the task is not extensive and can be performed very well alone. In this example, the project manager also has assistance from the project executive and business analyst whom both act as consultants.

	----		----

S210443: /* Roles of the RACI Matrix */

2021-02-24T07:45:09Z

Roles of the RACI Matrix

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	\|'''A'''ccountable - also Approver or final Approving Authority \|\| “Person who must approve the work performed by the person responsible for an activity, and who becomes responsible for it after approval. There must be one and only one accountable for each activity.“ <ref name="BPN"/>		\|'''A'''ccountable - also Approver or final Approving Authority \|\| “Person who must approve the work performed by the person responsible for an activity, and who becomes responsible for it after approval. There must be one and only one accountable for each activity.“ <ref name="BPN"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''C'''onsulted ~~- sometimes Counsel~~ \|\| “This role includes all the people whose opinion is sought while carrying out the work, and with whom there is two- way communication.“ <ref name="BPN"/>		\|'''C'''onsulted \|\| “This role includes all the people whose opinion is sought while carrying out the work, and with whom there is two- way communication.“ <ref name="BPN"/>
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''I'''nformed \|\| “Person who is kept up-to-date about the progress of an activity and the results of the work, and with whom there is just one-way communication. There may be more than one person informed of the work of an activity.“ <ref name="BPN"/>		\|'''I'''nformed \|\| “Person who is kept up-to-date about the progress of an activity and the results of the work, and with whom there is just one-way communication. There may be more than one person informed of the work of an activity.“ <ref name="BPN"/>