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==Introduction==  
==Introduction==  


In recent years more and more industries are moving towards project based approaches. The traditional way of organizing development is rigid in its structures leading to problems in execution of new and innovative initiatives. This is because the organizational structures inhibits the flexibility necessary to develop in a dynamic environment. This has lead researchers and practitioners to looking at other ways of organizing in a more flexible manner; projects. The film industry is a classic example of an industry that has historically been working more of less purely project based. This way of working has however only in the last couple of decades reached increased attention in other industries. Working project based has especially reached increased attention in complex product and systems. This article will give an overview of Project Based Organizations (PBO's), mainly focusing on the engineering industry. The article will first present the big idea; the characteristics of PBO's and how they solve the problems that occur in the traditional organizational structures, including an overview of the PBO and traditional functional organization structures and perspectives on how Project, Program and Portfolio management relates to the PBO. It will present an application of the PBO; what strategies exist for transforming organizations and which steps to take to enhance the specific values that a PBO structure brings. lastly the article will present the limitations of PBO's, both giving an overview of the limitations inherent to the PBO, as well as limitations in application.  
In recent years more and more industries are moving towards project based approaches <ref name="Bakker"\>. The traditional way of organizing development is rigid in its structures leading to problems in execution of new and innovative initiatives. This is because the organizational structures inhibits the flexibility necessary to develop in a dynamic environment <ref name="DaviesHobday"/>. This has lead researchers and practitioners to looking at other ways of organizing in a more flexible manner; projects. The film industry is a classic example of an industry that has historically been working more of less purely project based; a Project Based Organisation <ref name="Bakker"\> <ref name="Thiry_Deguire">. This way of working has reached increased attention in other industries in the last couple of decades, where Andrew Davies and Michael Hobday's work on "The Business of projects" focusing on PBO's in the context of complex product and systems, has been a key source of inspiration for many researchers to build on.
 
 
This article will give an overview of Project Based Organizations (PBO's), mainly focusing on the engineering industry. The article will first present the big idea; the characteristics of PBO's and how they solve the problems that occur in the traditional organizational structures, including an overview of the PBO and traditional functional organization structures and perspectives on how Project, Program and Portfolio management relates to the PBO. It will present an application of the PBO; what strategies exist for transforming organizations and which steps to take to enhance the specific values that a PBO structure brings. lastly the article will present the limitations of PBO's, both giving an overview of the limitations inherent to the PBO, as well as limitations in application.  


== Big Idea ==
== Big Idea ==


=== What are project based organizations? ===  
=== What are project based organizations? ===  
The project based organisation is in the  
The project based organisation is in the  


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<ref name="Thiry_Deguire">Thiry, M., Deguire, M., 2007. Recent developments in project-based organisations. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 25, 649–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.02.001</ref>
<ref name="Thiry_Deguire">Thiry, M., Deguire, M., 2007. Recent developments in project-based organisations. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 25, 649–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.02.001</ref>
<ref name="Turner_Miterev">Turner, R., Miterev, M., 2019. The Organizational Design of the Project-Based Organization. Proj. Manag. J. 50, 487–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972819859746</ref>
<ref name="Turner_Miterev">Turner, R., Miterev, M., 2019. The Organizational Design of the Project-Based Organization. Proj. Manag. J. 50, 487–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972819859746</ref>




Revision as of 10:32, 3 May 2023

Introduction

In recent years more and more industries are moving towards project based approaches Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]


Annotated bibliography

Davies, A., Hobday, M., 2005. The project-based organisation, in: The Business of Projects: Managing Innovation in Complex Products and Systems. Cambridge University Press, pp. 117–147. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511493294.007

This book is a great resource for understanding the core principles of project based organisations. The book is about projects and complex products and systems and suggests a form of PBO for the development of such complex and uncertain systems. In it you will find project management and organisational theories in general with a specific chapter dedicated to project based organisations. Here a case study compares the PBO to a functional organisation.

  1. ↑ Davies, A., Hobday, M., 2005. The project-based organisation, in: The Business of Projects: Managing Innovation in Complex Products and Systems. Cambridge University Press, pp. 117–147. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511493294.007
  2. ↑ Jerbrant, A., 2013. Organising project-based companies: Management, control and execution of project-based industrial operations. Int. J. Manag. Proj. Bus. 6, 365–378. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538371311319070
  3. ↑ Jerbrant, A., Karrbom Gustavsson, T., 2013. Managing project portfolios: balancing flexibility and structure by improvising. Int. J. Manag. Proj. Bus. 6, 152–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538371311291071
  4. ↑ Leiringer, R., Zhang, S., 2021. Organisational capabilities and project organising research. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 39, 422–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.02.003
  5. ↑ Mahura, A., Birollo, G., 2021. Organizational practices that enable and disable knowledge transfer: The case of a public sector project-based organization. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 39, 270–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.12.002
  6. ↑ Petro, Y., Gardiner, P., 2015. An investigation of the influence of organizational design on project portfolio success, effectiveness and business efficiency for project-based organizations. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 33, 1717–1729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2015.08.004
  7. ↑ Project Management Institute, I. (PMI), 2017. 1.8 Relationships among Portfolio Management, Organizational Strategy, Strategic Business Execution, and Organizational Project Management. Stand. Portf. Manag. (4th Ed.
  8. ↑ Pryke, S., 2017. Managing Networks in Project‐Based Organisations, Managing Networks in Project‐based Organisations. Wiley-Blackwell.
  9. ↑ Söderlund, J., Hobbs, B., Ahola, T., 2014. Project-based and temporary organizing: Reconnecting and rediscovering. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 32, 1085–1090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.06.008
  10. ↑ Sundqvist, E., Backlund, F., Chronéer, D., 2014. What is Project Efficiency and Effectiveness? Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci. 119, 278–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.032
  11. ↑ Thiry, M., Deguire, M., 2007. Recent developments in project-based organisations. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 25, 649–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.02.001
  12. ↑ Turner, R., Miterev, M., 2019. The Organizational Design of the Project-Based Organization. Proj. Manag. J. 50, 487–498. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972819859746
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