Sustainability in construction
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Revision as of 16:12, 10 June 2017
Construction is accountable for a great part of the world’s total energy and resource consumption. It is therefore highly crucial that practitioners ensure a sustainable development of construction in order to address the current global climate and environmental challenges. This requires both an environmental, social and economic point of view to obtain an ambitious effort around sustainability in construction. The quality of our buildings and the construction environment are important for society in a broad perspective and crucial to people's social activities and well-being. Buildings often have a lifespan that surpasses all other products surrounding us and therefore the consequences of the choices one makes today have long term implications.
Sustainability in construction consists as mentioned of environmental, social and economic dimensions. These three dimensions needs to be weighted balanced from a life-cycle perspective and thought through in every aspect of the construction process. Together these dimensions characterize sustainability in construction and covers a variety of conditions which must be included in the planning of sustainable constructions. This means, that the planning of buildings must be considered from a broad and long term perspective. Further, the sustainability effort must be addressed throughout the entire value chain and the implications should be beneficial for all involving parties.
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A holistic concept
The Brundtland report was the first to focus on global sustainability and launched a comprehensive approach to sustainability that included social, economic and environmental aspects. The report concluded that environmental problems are increasingly global and cross-border. They therefore require international solutions and wide cooperation between all actors. The main objective of the Brundtland Commission was to show the way to future development:
“(…) Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" [1]
A holistic concept of sustainability involves a reconciliation of environmental, social and economic dimensions. Thus, the concept of sustainability excludes the option of focusing only on for example, economics, as the main idea is to think as a trinity. Companies have also begun to focus on managing construction as a trinity where they include the social and environmental in their economic bottom line. Thus, in addition to having a good profit performance, they must also be socially responsible and take the environment into account. The triple bottomline was hereby introduced by John Elkington in 1994 [2], where economic, environmental and social goals were aligned and the impact on the decisions and actions of the organization.
The concept of sustainability is distinguished by taking care of the interaction between different processes and recognizing that the world consists of mutual dependencies. In practice, however, there will be subject areas that have a heavier weighting of either economic, environmental or social.
Think long term and wide
Throughout the construction value chain, it is necessary to work based on some ambitious and long-term visions. Only in this way it is possible to speed up the development and achieve the necessary conversion of the construction sector. Sustainability work can be summarized in two basic paradigms that can give a superior understanding of the concept and used as a common vision in specific projects. Sustainability in construction must be ensured by:
Think long term - Life cycle perspective
The life cycle perspective is an essential part of the understanding of sustainability in construction. Buildings often have a lifespan that surpasses all other products surrounding us and therefore the consequences of the choices one makes today have long term implications. The environmental quality in the life cycle perspective consider the environmental impacts and resource consumption throughout the lifespan of the building - from construction to operation, demolition and recycling. The social dimension ensures the framework for health and well-being for all those who are affected by the construction. The economic quality deals with the considerations of the economic conditions associated with construction, operation and maintenance throughout the building life expectancy. As well it needs to consider the potential of the building to maintain its economic value despite changes in the utility of the building and societal changes.
Think wide - Holistic perspective
