SCRUM - A Project Management Framework
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== Abstract == | == Abstract == | ||
| − | In an ever-changing world that is getting more and more complex, the art of project management is becoming harder to control due to uncertainty and the speed in which requirements and demand change. Standard ways of planning a project, such as the Waterfall model, may not be applicable today. To accommodate this issue, the adaptive project management framework, | + | In an ever-changing world that is getting more and more complex, the art of project management is becoming harder to control due to uncertainty and the speed in which requirements and demand change. Standard ways of planning a project, such as the Waterfall model, may not be applicable today. To accommodate this issue, the adaptive project management framework, Scrum, can be used because it embraces agility and a fast pace. Scrum relates to the project and development life cycles in the PMI standard<ref name="HBTS">Project Management Institute, Inc.. (2017). Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (6th Edition). Project Management Institute, Inc. (PMI). Retrieved from https://app.knovel.com/hotlink/toc/id:kpGPMBKP02/guide-project-management/guide-project-management</ref>. Even though Scrum is applicable for both project, program and portfolio management, this article will focus solely on Scrum as a project management framework and the implementation of Scrum. |
| − | The | + | The Scrum framework was developed in the early 1990's by Ken Schwaber & Jeff Sutherland and is a framework based on empiricism and lean thinking and has its roots in software development<ref name="SCRUMguides"> The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/</ref>. Today, Scrum is one of the most popular ways of becoming agile and is widely used for various projects. Benefits of utilizing the Scrum Framework to structure the development life cycles are continuous improvements, transparency, early adoption, and embracing change, which is a great advantage compared to the classic Waterfall model.<ref name="SCRUMDeepdive"> Bibik I. (2018) Agile Scrum Deep Dive. In: How to Kill the Scrum Monster. Apress, Berkeley, CA. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3691-8_3</ref>. The process of Scrum is to first create the product backlog and then define the sprint by creating the sprint backlog, performing development resulting in a increment. <ref name="SCRUM.org"> The Home of Scrum. Retrieved from https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-scrum</ref>.The Scrum Framework creates value in an adaptive and agile way through the Scrum values, the Scrum team, events and artifacts. The values focus on Commitment, Focus, Openness, Respect, and Courage. The team consists of the Product Owner (PO), the Scrum master (SM) and lastly, the self-organizing Development Team (DT). Furthermore, the framework consists of events such as Sprints, Sprint Planning and Sprint Retrospective, and artifacts which are the product backlog, sprint backlog and burndown chart<ref name="SCRUMguides"> The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/</ref>. |
| − | The framework is applied in complex projects which are suitable for an agile way of working, and working in iterations to obtain increments during the project. By working incrementally, the team can learn from previous sprints to optimize the next and the product may be ready for release earlier than first anticipated. | + | The framework is applied in complex projects which are suitable for an agile way of working, and working in iterations to obtain increments during the project. By working incrementally, the team can learn from previous sprints to optimize the next and the product may be ready for release earlier than first anticipated. Scrum has limitations by being non-applicable to 'business-as-usual' projects, potential scope creep due to an indefinite end-date, implementation in large teams is challenging etc. |
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== Main idea == | == Main idea == | ||
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== Application == | == Application == | ||
| − | Where to use | + | Where to use Scrum. |
| − | Which projects can benefit from using | + | Which projects can benefit from using Scrum. |
When and who. | When and who. | ||
Implementation of SCRUM (applied) | Implementation of SCRUM (applied) | ||
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2. The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/ | 2. The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/ | ||
| − | This is the official Scrum guide, written by the two founders of | + | This is the official Scrum guide, written by the two founders of Scrum, Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. The guide is continously updated as new research becomes relevant and the latest edition from November 2020 is used. |
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 14:42, 14 February 2021
Contents |
Abstract
In an ever-changing world that is getting more and more complex, the art of project management is becoming harder to control due to uncertainty and the speed in which requirements and demand change. Standard ways of planning a project, such as the Waterfall model, may not be applicable today. To accommodate this issue, the adaptive project management framework, Scrum, can be used because it embraces agility and a fast pace. Scrum relates to the project and development life cycles in the PMI standard[1]. Even though Scrum is applicable for both project, program and portfolio management, this article will focus solely on Scrum as a project management framework and the implementation of Scrum.
The Scrum framework was developed in the early 1990's by Ken Schwaber & Jeff Sutherland and is a framework based on empiricism and lean thinking and has its roots in software development[2]. Today, Scrum is one of the most popular ways of becoming agile and is widely used for various projects. Benefits of utilizing the Scrum Framework to structure the development life cycles are continuous improvements, transparency, early adoption, and embracing change, which is a great advantage compared to the classic Waterfall model.[3]. The process of Scrum is to first create the product backlog and then define the sprint by creating the sprint backlog, performing development resulting in a increment. [4].The Scrum Framework creates value in an adaptive and agile way through the Scrum values, the Scrum team, events and artifacts. The values focus on Commitment, Focus, Openness, Respect, and Courage. The team consists of the Product Owner (PO), the Scrum master (SM) and lastly, the self-organizing Development Team (DT). Furthermore, the framework consists of events such as Sprints, Sprint Planning and Sprint Retrospective, and artifacts which are the product backlog, sprint backlog and burndown chart[2].
The framework is applied in complex projects which are suitable for an agile way of working, and working in iterations to obtain increments during the project. By working incrementally, the team can learn from previous sprints to optimize the next and the product may be ready for release earlier than first anticipated. Scrum has limitations by being non-applicable to 'business-as-usual' projects, potential scope creep due to an indefinite end-date, implementation in large teams is challenging etc.
Main idea
Purpose of the framework.
Application
Where to use Scrum. Which projects can benefit from using Scrum. When and who. Implementation of SCRUM (applied) Process flow chart.
Limitations
SCRUM is extending the current practice of project management but cannot always be applicable. Explain where not to use SCRUM.
Annotated Bibliography
1. Project Management Institute, Inc.. (2017). Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (6th Edition). Project Management Institute, Inc. (PMI). Retrieved from https://app.knovel.com/hotlink/toc/id:kpGPMBKP02/guide-project-management/guide-project-management This standard describes the official PMI standard of project management, and is extensively acknowledged in the circles of project management.
2. The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/ This is the official Scrum guide, written by the two founders of Scrum, Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. The guide is continously updated as new research becomes relevant and the latest edition from November 2020 is used.
References
- ↑ Project Management Institute, Inc.. (2017). Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (6th Edition). Project Management Institute, Inc. (PMI). Retrieved from https://app.knovel.com/hotlink/toc/id:kpGPMBKP02/guide-project-management/guide-project-management
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Scrum Guide (2020) The Definitive Guide to Scrum: The Rules of the Game. Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland. Retrieved from https://www.scrumguides.org/
- ↑ Bibik I. (2018) Agile Scrum Deep Dive. In: How to Kill the Scrum Monster. Apress, Berkeley, CA. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3691-8_3
- ↑ The Home of Scrum. Retrieved from https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-scrum
Further references
, A. (2017). Managing successful projects with prince2 2017 edition. ProQuest Ebook Central https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.proxy.findit.dtu.dk
