Metra Potential Method

The Potential Metra Method, or MPM, is a project management tool, invented in 1958 by French researcher Bernard Roy. MPM is used to describe, organize and plan the several tasks constituting a project development. This management method is similar to the PERT method. It consists of an oriented graph, whose summits represent tasks and the connections represent anteriority constraints. Thanks to the use of the MPM method, a critical path is identified easily by simply reading the chart, and the length of the critical path is represented directly.

History

Invented in 1958 by French researcher Bernard Roy, the Potential Metra Method (MPM, for Méthode des Potentiels Metra in French) is based on the Graph Theory. This method was first created as a tool provided for a crank shafts factory called Mavilor. Very soon after its creation, MPM was used for the construction of the superstructures of cruise liner France. In the beginning of the 1960’s, this method was involved in the development of the airplane program Concorde, as well as in the construction of the first generation of nuclear plants in France. Bernard Roy is a French researcher born in 1934, widely recognized as a pioneer in the field of operational research in France. His works form one of the foundations of scientific approaches to decision support.

Overview

Created the same year as the PERT method, the MPM method is a system of representation and optimization of project tasks. This method can be considered to be half-way between Gantt Graph and PERT representation. It allows the user to prioritize a large number of tasks, taking into account the anteriority constraints linking these several tasks. The main goal leading to the creation of this new management method was to reduce the complexity of the Gantt chart, taking into account the dependency relationships between multiple tasks (precedence, inheritance, etc.) and also the evolution of these constraints along the time. Similarly to the PERT method, the main benefit of MPM is to reduce the time required to achieve a project, but this method only takes into account the schedule aspects, deadlines, delays, etc… It cannot be used in the field of budget or resources management. By precisely describing the dependency between each task, MPM optimizes speediness of the process providing a graphical representation under the form of a network. Thus, all information related to a same operation are grouped under a single node, which facilitates the identification of the critical path. Allowing an easy identification of the critical path, the MPM is used to determine the minimum time required to conduct a project. Moreover, this method affords to define the dates on which the various tasks involved in the project may or must begin to ensure that this minimum time is respected.