Big five personality traits (OCEAN model)
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== The Big Idea == | == The Big Idea == | ||
| − | + | Why is personality research of relevance to Management, and for which management field? | |
| − | + | The term personality is by the American Psychological Association (APA) described as “individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving” [APA]. It is part of how we act and react as human beings on the things we encounter and the challenges we face. An understanding of personality can therefore lead to an understanding of a personas appearance in life, whether it is with regard to social relations or job performance. | |
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| − | + | Personality becomes interesting from a management perspective as knowledge of personality traits and types can be used as a tool for improving human resource handling. It is relevant when hiring new people for a vacant position, in all levels of an organization. It can be used by managers, also at all levels of an organization, to gain an understanding of their employees patterns, strengths and weaknesses and give them insights into how they best support, develop and lead their employees. It can be of help in team design situations, making sure the right people are put together, so a dynamic team that work efficiently together and co-creates a pleasurable work environment are established. | |
| + | It can moreover be used as a self-knowledge tool to identify where ones leadership skills are lacking or how to play to ones strengths and knowing when to delegate. In general when personality knowledge are utilized efficiently, it can help enhance job performance of the individual, team and organization. | ||
| + | Assessing personality can be used in both project, programme and portfolio management, as all levels posses a human resource perspective. This article however reviews the OCEAN model with regards to project management, as knowledge of personality is particular relevant for team design and development. | ||
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Revision as of 12:28, 28 February 2021
Developed by Amalie Nygaard Müller
References: PRINCE 2 = [1] (needs to be more precise- chapter) PMBOK = [2] (needs to be more precise - chapter) PositivePsychology = [3]
To be included: Srivastava = John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big-Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 102-138). New York: Guilford Press.
Roccas = Roccas, S., Sagiv, L., Schwartz, S. H., & Knafo, A. (2002). The Big Five personality factors and personal values. Personality and Social Psychology, 28, 789-801. doi:10.1177/0146167202289008
APA = APA. (2017). Personality. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/topics/personality/
Predictive = Neal, A., Yeo, G., Koy, A., Xiao, T. (2012). Predicting the form and direction of work role performance from the Big 5 model of personality traits. Journal of Organizational Behavior, J. Organiz. Behav. 33, 175-192. DOI:10.1002/job.742
Griffin = Griffin, M. A., Neal, A., & Parker, S. K. (2007). A New Model of Work Role Performance: Positive Behavior in Uncertain and Interdependent Contexts. Academy of Management Journal, 50(2), 327–347. https://doi-org.proxy.findit.dtu.dk/10.5465/AMJ.2007.24634438
History = Kavirayani K. Historical perspectives on personality – The past and current concept: The search is not yet over. Arch Med Health Sci 2018;6:180-6
SS = Srivastava, S. (2021). Measuring the Big Five Personality Factors. Retrieved [27.02.21] from https://psdlab.uoregon.edu/bigfive.html.
Contents |
Abstract
A project is by the Project Management Institute (PMI) [2] defined as a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service or result. Despite every project being unique, most projects include management practices such as balancing the iron triangle, assessing risk and engaging with stakeholders. Another common thing for projects is that no amount of scheduling or control will be of help if the human resources involved in a project are the wrong people [1]. People are at the centre of every project and are part of every process from initiation till closing, and hence crucial to the success of a project. A core management practice within any given project is, therefore, the understanding, design and development of a project team.
When assembling a team it is not enough to look into the professional and technical competencies. It is also important to focus on the dynamics and diversity of the team, to ensure a good working environment and interaction between team members. As described in the PRINCE2 method [1], knowledge of people’s personality profiles and how different personality types affect each other can help the project manager design balanced project teams that work effectively. Knowledge of personality profiles can further enhance the project managers understanding of how to effectively motivate and communicate with the individual team members.
Through time multiple different personality assessment theories and concepts have been developed. The most acknowledge theory in psychology, currently, are the Big Five, also known as the OCEAN model [3]. The Big Five is a psychological framework and theory that through five factors; openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism, assesses a large variety of the traits and characteristics that together encapsulates what is commonly acknowledged as a personality. Each trait represents a continuum and the theory, therefore, contrary many other theories that are based on binary variables, does not place people in boxes, but gives an overview of a person’s personality and also makes it possible to measure individual differences hereof.
The Big Idea
Why is personality research of relevance to Management, and for which management field? The term personality is by the American Psychological Association (APA) described as “individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving” [APA]. It is part of how we act and react as human beings on the things we encounter and the challenges we face. An understanding of personality can therefore lead to an understanding of a personas appearance in life, whether it is with regard to social relations or job performance.
Personality becomes interesting from a management perspective as knowledge of personality traits and types can be used as a tool for improving human resource handling. It is relevant when hiring new people for a vacant position, in all levels of an organization. It can be used by managers, also at all levels of an organization, to gain an understanding of their employees patterns, strengths and weaknesses and give them insights into how they best support, develop and lead their employees. It can be of help in team design situations, making sure the right people are put together, so a dynamic team that work efficiently together and co-creates a pleasurable work environment are established. It can moreover be used as a self-knowledge tool to identify where ones leadership skills are lacking or how to play to ones strengths and knowing when to delegate. In general when personality knowledge are utilized efficiently, it can help enhance job performance of the individual, team and organization. Assessing personality can be used in both project, programme and portfolio management, as all levels posses a human resource perspective. This article however reviews the OCEAN model with regards to project management, as knowledge of personality is particular relevant for team design and development.
Openness to Experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Application
- How to use the theory in practice w. regard to PM
- What to gain from the theory in practice w. regard to PM
Limitations
- Limitations of the Big Five theory
Annotated Bibliography
TBD
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Project Management: Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2, 6th Edition (2017). Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.proxy.findit.dtu.dk/lib/DTUDK/detail.action?docID=4863041/
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Project Management Institute, Inc.. (2017). Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (6th Edition). Retrieved from https://app.knovel.com/hotlink/toc/id:kpGPMBKP02/guide-project-management/guide-project-management/
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ackerman, C. (2021, January 29). Big Five Personality Traits: The OCEAN Model Explained. PositivePsychology.com. https://positivepsychology.com/big-five-personality-theory/
