Diversity in teams
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== Abstaract == | == Abstaract == | ||
| − | People are critical to the success of a project, program and portfolio. It does not help to have the right processes and systems if the team members do not work effectively together. | + | People are critical to the success of a project, program and portfolio. It does not help to have the right processes and right systems if the team members do not work effectively together. There are a lot of factors affecting how effectively a team works together, one of these is diversity. There are several types of diversities, from gender diversity to age diversity, personalty diversity and more. |
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| − | There are several types of diversities, from gender diversity to age diversity, personalty diversity and | + | |
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- More equality | - More equality | ||
- Less homogenous groups | - Less homogenous groups | ||
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The purpose of the this article is to highlight the challenges and opportunities that cultural diversity creates, and how a project manager can handle these. | The purpose of the this article is to highlight the challenges and opportunities that cultural diversity creates, and how a project manager can handle these. | ||
| + | == Types of diversity == | ||
| + | ===Personality diversity=== | ||
| − | == | + | Knowledge of the different types of personalities and how they may influence is crucial for the manager to be able to establish balanced teams that work well together. <ref name ="AXELOS"> AXELOS. Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2 2017 Edition, The Stationery Office Ltd, 2017.</ref> |
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| + | ===Cultural Diversity=== | ||
| + | As the world gets globalized, projects become more international and project groups are formed across country borders. This leads to cultural diverse project teams. Cultural diversity is defined as "the existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups in a society"<ref name ="Definition"> Oxford Languages for Google. Cultural diversity definition. Available at: https://www.google.no/search?rls=com.microsoft%3Anb%3A%7Breferrer%3Asource%7D&sxsrf=ALeKk00Aga05cPg7KF2xXvAQudX3lPwCFQ%3A1613070110502&ei=Hn8lYISXHqXnrgTy7L6oAw&q=cultural+diversity+definition&oq=cultural+diversity+definition&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQDFAAWABgsCFoAHAAeACAAVWIAVWSAQExmAEAqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwiEnry3wuLuAhWls4sKHXK2DzUQ4dUDCA0</ref>. All though research suggests that there is no direct connection between cultural diversity and team performance, it still affects the teams in several ways. <ref name ="CDinTeams"> | ||
| + | Stahl, G., Maznevski, M., Voigt, A. et al. Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: A meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. J Int Bus Stud 41, 690–709 (2010). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46526123_Unraveling_the_effects_of_cultural_diversity_in_teams_A_meta-analysis_of_research_on_multicultural_work_groups </ref>. | ||
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| + | == Effects of diversity == | ||
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Effects of diversity | Effects of diversity | ||
| − | The effects of diversity | + | The effects of diversity have traditionally been understood trough three different perspectives: <ref name ="Effects"> Mannix, Elizabeth & Neale, Margaret A (2005). What differences make a difference? Psychological Science in the Public Interest. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2005.00022.x?casa_token=qiXUEAO_nPIAAAAA:77IXwF62pgU5VFPWF6eW7mm2XyX56bgBE-cmFbnMJsl6NTVD1S2u9EEHZIry56F8RPzRaaAfDdyu</ref> |
==== 1. Similarity-attraction==== | ==== 1. Similarity-attraction==== | ||
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Individuals in groups with cultural diversity have access too other individuals that have different backgrounds, networks, information and skills. This increases the amount of information within the group and creates an atmosphere that can improve the group-performance | Individuals in groups with cultural diversity have access too other individuals that have different backgrounds, networks, information and skills. This increases the amount of information within the group and creates an atmosphere that can improve the group-performance | ||
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Revision as of 20:10, 12 February 2021
Contents |
Abstaract
People are critical to the success of a project, program and portfolio. It does not help to have the right processes and right systems if the team members do not work effectively together. There are a lot of factors affecting how effectively a team works together, one of these is diversity. There are several types of diversities, from gender diversity to age diversity, personalty diversity and more.
- More equality - Less homogenous groups
The purpose of the this article is to highlight the challenges and opportunities that cultural diversity creates, and how a project manager can handle these.
Types of diversity
Personality diversity
Knowledge of the different types of personalities and how they may influence is crucial for the manager to be able to establish balanced teams that work well together. [1]
Cultural Diversity
As the world gets globalized, projects become more international and project groups are formed across country borders. This leads to cultural diverse project teams. Cultural diversity is defined as "the existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups in a society"[2]. All though research suggests that there is no direct connection between cultural diversity and team performance, it still affects the teams in several ways. [3].
Effects of diversity
How is connected to the key references - People - Complexity --Stakeholder complexity- Stakeholder complexity focuses on the program team itself and the diversity within the program team. p. 31 --- Diversity in teams is also connected to the complexity perspective, and particularly stakeholder complexity. Stakeholder complexity focuses on the program team itself, and the diversity within the team. [4]
People - communication
State of subject
Effects of diversity
The effects of diversity have traditionally been understood trough three different perspectives: [5]
1. Similarity-attraction
People are attracted to working with those with similar values, beliefs and attitudes.
2.Self-and social categorization
People categorize themselves into specific groups, based on a race, gender, values, beliefs among others, and others as outsiders. This creates an atmosphere where the outsiders are judged more stereotypically, and there are different expectations for those in the same groups and the outsiders.
3.Information processing
Individuals in groups with cultural diversity have access too other individuals that have different backgrounds, networks, information and skills. This increases the amount of information within the group and creates an atmosphere that can improve the group-performance
Application
Limitation
Annotated bibliography
- ↑ AXELOS. Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2 2017 Edition, The Stationery Office Ltd, 2017.
- ↑ Oxford Languages for Google. Cultural diversity definition. Available at: https://www.google.no/search?rls=com.microsoft%3Anb%3A%7Breferrer%3Asource%7D&sxsrf=ALeKk00Aga05cPg7KF2xXvAQudX3lPwCFQ%3A1613070110502&ei=Hn8lYISXHqXnrgTy7L6oAw&q=cultural+diversity+definition&oq=cultural+diversity+definition&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQDFAAWABgsCFoAHAAeACAAVWIAVWSAQExmAEAqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwiEnry3wuLuAhWls4sKHXK2DzUQ4dUDCA0
- ↑ Stahl, G., Maznevski, M., Voigt, A. et al. Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: A meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. J Int Bus Stud 41, 690–709 (2010). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46526123_Unraveling_the_effects_of_cultural_diversity_in_teams_A_meta-analysis_of_research_on_multicultural_work_groups
- ↑ The Standard for Program Management — Fourth Edition. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2017. Accessed February 12, 2021. ProQuest Ebook Central.
- ↑ Mannix, Elizabeth & Neale, Margaret A (2005). What differences make a difference? Psychological Science in the Public Interest. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1529-1006.2005.00022.x?casa_token=qiXUEAO_nPIAAAAA:77IXwF62pgU5VFPWF6eW7mm2XyX56bgBE-cmFbnMJsl6NTVD1S2u9EEHZIry56F8RPzRaaAfDdyu
