Extrinsic Motivation

Revision as of 22:19, 20 February 2022

Abstract

Article still in progress, its a draft, I didn't focused on editing yet and therefore had no intentions to make it look nice ^^For this version of the first draft I tried to summarize different thoughts and complete my outline with a context related content.

In my article im going to elaborate the methodology of extrinsic motivation. The content will not be focused exclusively on working or project environments, but still is going to give a general overview about the mechanics. Therefore it will cover application related details and describe the pro and contra's especially in comparison to intrinsic motivation.

Summary

The summary will provide a brief overview about extrinsic motivation.

Extrinsic motivation describes part of the motivation theories. human behaviors and actions are influenced and driven by various factors, one of them is personal motivation. personal motivation can be categorized as inner or so called intrinsic motivation and extrinsic, generally more external influenced motivation. In theory a clear separation is possible, in practical matters a combination of both applies to the reasons of motivation for most people. Different characteristics of extrinsic motivations can be seen in various field of life as school and studies, work environments, sports and legal circumstances. Furthermore extrinsic motivations have been described centuries ago in history.

Historic overview and evolution

General and historical overview including surveys done and historical applications as well as public known application like grading in school or rewards/bonus payments at work are getting reviewed.
Chapter still in doubt of necessairity if its gonna make it to the wiki its gone contain discussion of aspect of different motivational aspects, which were in the past often applied as force. Furthermore mentions of ancient Greeks, Darwin and the evolution theory and punishments as forms of extrinsic motivation in the medieval a.ge. As well as the evolution of the motivation theory developed from maslows theory of hierarchical needs

Big idea

Description of the underlying mechanics including the psychological pint of view.
Definiton classic and evolved interpretation

Motivation means the impact that gives a person or direction to behavior or the act or process of encouraging others to exert themselves in pursuit of a group or organizational goal. in the context of extrinsic motivation an action regards a specific outcome should be encouraged. This outcome can be drive in form of rewards or the avoidance of a certain outcome with the perspective to receive a punishment. In terms of extrinsic motivation the behavior in question I influences by external factors, in comparison of intrinsic motivation extrinsic factors come always from external sources. Nevertheless can external motivation be expressed in different variations like tangible as well as non tangible impacts.

Concept and application

In this section use cases with the focus on work or project environments will be discussed. use of motivation in schschool, sport, work

Concept: ways of extrinsic motivation appliance postitive/rewards: money as incentive, rewards, job promotion negative/punishment: school, penalty work, detention

Limitation and alternatives

Limitations of extrinsic motivation, "dangers" and alternative forms like intrinsic motivation.

Studies have shown that influence of long term applied extrinsic motivation can lead to a habituated behaviors which therefore will be countervise actions as intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, in case of a situational change and no longer existing exertnal motivate the complete drive of the person will be stucked.

Annotated bibliography

• Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: The Search for Optimal Motivation and Performance by Carol Sansone and Judith M. Harackiewicz

This publication provides a wide overview about human motivation in regards to their performance. Furthermore it discusses the psychological background what motivates to specific action and influences human behavior.

• Some key references I found interesting during my first research and plan on using them for the creation of my article are (these resources might change later):
  

1. Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences; ISBN 9783-3192-4612-3
2. Successful Management by Motivation: Balancing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Incentives; ISSN 1758-6887
3. Motivational synergy: Toward new conceptualizations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the workplace; ISSN 1053-4822