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... consuming and would require more materials than first estimated. In worst case, there would not be room for the cable tray elsewhere above the ceiling, wh ...ted automatically instead of having to be drawn from scratch, which is the case in 2D, might outweigh the extra time spent. And it can of course be argued

...in their work-space proximity, nationality, sport preference, etc. in this case creating different groups and establishing an '''informal network'''. ...ng the use of network studies an important part, not only, of sociological studies but also incorporated as a strategy used by different disciplines <ref>R. R

...stand the importance of the method and the possible applications in a real case. ...sented directly by the area using the circumference of the circle, in this case the bubble grows linearly in relationship to the diameter (<math>circumfere

These first studies where focused mainly on manufacturing processes in spite of project managem ...flow''' thorough the project management processes translates into? In this case it is '''information'''. Information flows thorough the management of the p

...der to pursue the right benefits a deeply understanding of the '''business case''' of the organisation is necessary. <ref name=Pra>PMI Benefit Realization ...he '''sponsor of the program''' approve the benefits that arise from those studies. Besides, the communication plan of these benefits future progress is also

...igger more aleatory thinking than drawing out probability numbers. Several studies indicate that erroneously judging a combined probable and improbable event | '''Representation''' || Single case || Class of possible outcomes

...longer duration to deliver, providing himself with a personal failsafe, in case of unpredicted challenges that might occur. This safety, created to avoid n ...us on the most important tasks first and foremost. However, there are also studies that suggest multitasking is better for the overall performance of company/

...curred because a deadline has been missed. Time-Cost models deals with the case that it might be more cost-effective to invest in more resources in order t ...he risk of delaying the time schedule therefore incurs to design for worst case scenarios. This means that a lot of time buffers are included in the time e

...and in detail the different systems that exist. It also provides some Case Studies where the theory is made clear by using real-life examples.

complex. In this case there is an end date to the work, but the organizations still need to inter ...recommended. Here different teamwork concepts are presented, and different studies are presented and commented on.

...d interfere with each other, if they are uncoordinated, which is often the case. A CCC is practically the same as a big warehouse. This warehouse facilitat ...nd turbines and hangers, are often made with big steel components. In that case it will not make any sense to have a CCC, and it is often easier to deliver

... task H. Otherwise task I has to complete before task H can begin. In this case, it is possible to switch the places of task H and I which can solve this p ...lays. A delay in a task can result in delay of the entire project in which case the plan would have to be re-evaluated. A delay in one task can also result

...in the construction industry will then shortly be discussed, based on case studies. Lastly the limitations associated with the use of VSM in the construction ... and too much variability. Due to the lack of generic guidelines, two case studies will be examined instead.

... is an aspect, which the industry is improving on, since the publishing of studies comparing maintenance costs of buildings, with and without commissioning. L ...y quality assurance is important have been outlined and used in an example case of the Volkswagen emission scandal. Building trust and creating a culture o

... aspects need a leading fourth aspect to work in combination, which in the case of construction projects is management. <ref name="Chimay"></ref> ...ngs and new people with expert knowledge in CAD software. The same was the case when the marked with the transition from CAD to building information modell

...to reduce costs. <ref name="CSIS"> Center for Strategic and International Studies: "Defense Industrial Initiatives Current Issues: Cost-Plus Contracts" -extr ...cts implies the most responsibilities from behalf of the client, whilst in case of fixed price contracts the responsibilities are allocated mostly to the s

Framework: A Last Planner System and BIM-Based Case Study''". Boston, MA, USA </ref> minimizing the waste and inefficiency. The ...formation]</span> applications was decreased as well. Furthermore, current studies have shown that 4D planning provides multiple benefits in each phase. Figur

...fessional system. An increasing number of renown international comparative studies of construction costs and methods, which are reviewed in Edkins et al. (19 ...ins a huge amount of useful information about partnering. It presents case studies, research about partnering as well as benefits and pitfalls of partnering.

The PBS is depended on its inputs. In the case of using the ''project scope management'' approach the input are: ''Plane s ...he reader a broad understanding of project management, including some case studies, where the given approach has been applied. The book by Graham M. Winch ”

...tion of risk as it depends on the ability and range of the decision maker. Studies on this topic have led to two important points of cognitive biases: the inf After a risk has been accepted, the risk planning is an important step in case the risk event would happen. The risk plan should address the identified ri