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...ped continuing to the toolbox. In short, TPS is focusing on optimizing the flow throughout the whole production process and meet the costumers needs. Howev ... This will also make the production more flexible and create a much better flow in the production process. It is important to notice that this customer can

...term Building Information Model (BIM) is introduced. A model used to store information of physical features and functionality of the facility as data that can be ...s add the time schedule along material's quantity, pricing and maintenance information to the 3D model. An upcoming feature of VDC is virtual reality, which gives

...his, three important methods are evaluated: the TFV-model (transformation, flow and value), the Last Planner System and the Location-Based Scheduling; conc ...the difference between the information required to make a decision and the information available. There are two concepts attached to this<ref> ''Graham M. Winch -

...nt. In this model (figure 4), there is a complete structure in the flow of information which is well controlled with the decoupling points and defines the desired ...e information. However, in the beginning of a project, as there is limited information available, uncertainty is further increased. To deal effectively with this

...Institute there are five steps (Figure 2) to determine the entire managing flow of the process from the beginning to the end: ... to the important role that the environment plays in a company. The latest information technology, and decision making are also included.

*Create Flow; *Make those processes flow;

...ment contractor, and he will be responsible for the subcontractors and the flow of resources. ..., but it could include a wish to reduce buffers in warehousing, by sharing information and co-ordinating the suppliers. The focus of a supply chain is to establis

...y boxes (Picture 2). Each task has an Activity Identity Box which contains information regarding task name, duration, early start, early finish, late finish, late ...ion methods and equipments. CPM provides the projects manager with precise information on the effects of each variation or delay in the adopted plan and thereby i

...ists of five principles; Specify value, Integrate the value stream, Create flow by eliminating waste, Establish pull and Seek perfection (see description b |3. Create Flow by Eliminating Waste

... communicate each others to achieve the same goal and how people can share information in a larger scale. Visual communication is one of the methods used to communicate information or expression of ideas through a visual form.

...rom the earliest stages of the project's life cycle. The lack of available information or knowledge are considered to be some of the basic reasons that cause unce ...rtunities that may occur during the project's life cycle. In figure 3, the flow lines show how the roots of uncertainties influence the project. The arrows

...cholz, P.; Sacks, R.; Liston, K., 2008, "BIM Handbook: a Guide to Building Information Modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers, and contractors"</ref> ...us on construction projects since the benefits achieved through the use of information modelling are especially applicable to the challenges of diversified constr

...f screening all the options, the managers only identify the most important information and options. It follows that they cannot maximize their objectives. Rather

...n to contractors there are electricians, carpenters, bricklayers, etc. The flow of the different projects is entirely dependent on the planning and interac ...veloped waste, and therefore a shift in the industry was needed, to a more flow-based management. Lean Construction was evolved, and in 1993, the term was

...ere also has to be a very clear communication strategy, for information to flow efficiently within an organization. The duo needs to have a good chemistry

...ng style, timing and channel, organizations ensure everyone can access the information they need, when they need it. ...ations-management-strategy </ref>. It controls the bi-directional flow of information with stakeholders, thus encouraging their engagement. PRINCE2™ <ref name=

...is to mitigate poor multitasking. One initiative is to provide prioritized information to all resources. A relay race works as an analogy. While each component in ... again merging as the project has intermediate deliverables. These complex flow are not optimally compatible with deriving a feeding chain with accompanyin

The goal of PD is approached by producing useful information that reduces uncertainty and risk[7]. ...duct development phases, design decisions are made within the context of a flow of decisions[4], which implies that knowledge over the product, problems,

*maximize flow by using iterative development to reduce development time; ...particularly for the first few Sprints, this facilitates communication and information sharing.

...//en.broad.com] ]][[File:1111.png |600px|thumb|right|BSB Project operation flow chart[http://en.broad.com] ]] ...because the Broad Town workshops were not fully constructed and production flow was not optimal at that time. Today a similar 17.000 m2 order can be produc

...ps://blogs.commons.georgetown.edu/cctp-745-spring2010/files/organizational-information-requirements.pdf '''Summary:''' The article discuss communication medias us ...rruptions or a noisy ambience can be very disturbing for the communication flow.

: - Lack of information. * '''T-plant''': The general material flow is as described for the I-plant, but the T-plant produces many different pr

...n is crucial tool for managing risks, allowing the manager to get detailed information about a specific risk. ...risk identification should always be seen in. The blue line represents the flow of sub-processes of risk management. The blue-line loop also indicates that

...st step in a lean process should not only be to make value stream maps and flow charts, but to also understand the product portfolio in depth, and get to k ...s companies simplify their strategy, organization, products, processes and information technology.

...ment contractor, and he will be responsible for the subcontractors and the flow of resources. ..., but it could include a wish to reduce buffers in warehousing, by sharing information and co-ordinating the suppliers. The focus of a supply chain is to establis

...ere also has to be a very clear communication strategy, for information to flow efficiently within an organization. The duo needs to have a good chemistry

A learning organization evaluates projects to capture and interpret information that can benefit future projects by translating new knowledge into ways of ...s article describes the importance of learning in an organization, and how information is created, captured and interpreted, and used in future projects. It also

...or would be communicated in real-time. Workers passed a card with capacity information between workstations. ...als used at one point in the production line was emptied, a card with this information was sent to the warehouse. There it would be a new batch ready to be transp

...fectively workflow. The tool has the benefits that it discovers misleading information and makes sure the work is done in the right order and is planned as effect ...s was changed to improving the work flows reliability \textcolor{red}{work flow reliability?}. The change was a result of the knowledge that Glenn Ballard

...ontractor or supplier and from the client (lack of fund to ensure the cash flow for a given milestone for example). ...2.png|500px |left | thumb| |'''Figure 7:''' An example of risk matrix. The information on top (consequences) may for example be used as acceptance criteria.]]

The technique developed in late 1950s utilizes information from a <span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_breakdo Based on acquired information from the '''CPM''', the next question could be if it is possible to shorten

...work is one of the main focuses. The idea behind LPS is to create a steady flow by minimizing waste and constantly implementing reformation, all in order t ...to preparation. By doing this, weekly plans get more reliable and the work flow increases <ref>Ballard, G., & Howoll, G. (1998). ''Shielding Production: An

...the source of various downfalls of a project, streaming from prevention of information sharing to decreased performance and unproductiveness. In order to prevent ...mation and hence continuing the group development with individuals lacking information and consequently decreased motivation.

...worth mentioning that PERT does not include the quantity, quality and cost information, it only deals with the time constraints.<ref name=disadv1 /> PERT-CPM was ...the node represents an activity and the arrow shows dependency and project flow.<ref name=PMbook />

*'''Project information and contact information for additional detail''' [[Category:Project Management]][[Category:Uncertaity]][[Category:Information flow]][[Category:Tool]]

...gation of each individual, each subsequent interrogation is accompanied by information regarding the preceding round of replies, usually presented anonymously. Th It is an essential project management technique used to gather information, the goal is to reduce the amount of different responses and reach the cons

...ish buffers for some activities with high risks, that can allow the smooth flow of the project. He can allocate them also in different phases of the projec At early stages of the project, there is lack of details and information about it, thus the manager has to use one of the top down techniques like t

...ion presented above, there are other methods, e.g. ''tables'',''graphs'',''flow charts'' and others, that may be better suited to represent the situation c ...tate the building process of a roadmap. Its focus is on the utilization of information that should mostly be available in an organization anyways.

...hrough the utilisation of tools like the product backlog, all the required information can be easily found. *Through the use of Kanban and the cumulative flow diagram, the management team balanced the different steps of the process: t

* Are the correct drawings and information available? ...l more satisfied and balanced because they can achieve a better production flow and avoid the constant need of having to “put out fires” and take care

...eduled work and the quality assurance. It can be argued that the stream of information was not carried in the most efficient manner. An example of the latter is t ...HEX team had to overcome the difficulties of restructuring the information flow inside the project, develop a solution to the crisis and implement a differ

... [[Lean construction]] Theory. TFV stands for Transformation (operations), Flow (processes), and Value.''' ...non-value adding (waste) activities, and mainly controlling the processes (flow) in a project rather than the operations (transformations/activities) them

...on of finding linkages with interdisciplinary impacts and multidimensional information <ref name="Lessons_Learned">Lessons Learned from War Room Designs and Imple ...nges. The war room is ideal to make quick and clever decisions, as all the information is visible to everyone and therefore tangible.

The linkages are flows of information, goods, services, and systems or processes adjusting activities.<ref name=p ...ages are extremely important and represent the cooperation and information flow between the value chain activities needed to run the activities.

*'''Mind Mapping''': A visualization technique used to organize information. A mind map is hierarchical and illustrates the relationships between pie *Position in the information flow network.

...ifting tasks within their slack allowances". <ref> Schwalbe, Kathy (2007). Information Technology Project Management 5th Edition.</ref> ...struction and the arrows that connect the different nodes show the process flow. [Figure 1] It is possible to identify different types of activities like a

Gantt charts convey all the above mentioned information visually. They outline all of the tasks involved in a project, and their or ...ing project schedules. For this it is useful to be able to show additional information about the various tasks or phases of the project, for example how the tasks

...udies, financing and the conceptual design. This phase is transforming the information to a machine-executable form. ...ommon goal, it was considered not necessary to communicate and interchange information on a detailed level because the plan was to work and meet the other team in

...ork or value. Scrum Artifacts are designed to have maximum transparency of information in order to make them understandable for everybody. In addition to this, tr ...name="AF" />]][[File:AE.png|150px|right|thumb|Figure 3: Simple information flow. Source: Own Illustration, based on<ref name="AF" />]]

...ot, where circle or ellipse are used instead the single points, and extra information are provided by varying the shape, the size and the colour. Furthermore the ...ameters could be used with the bubble charts in order to provide different information. Below the table show the most popular parameters used in the bubble charts

...onal characteristics of a facility. BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cyc ...onal characteristics of a facility. BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cyc

...SNA) appears recently as a technique that explore, maps and measure data & information flows and relationship between organizations, groups, people or other entit ... a low use of technology in their processes affecting the flow of data and information between the stakeholders creating conflicts and lowering the quality of the

...ot, where circle or ellipse are used instead the single points, and extra information are provided by varying the shape, the size and the colour. Furthermore the This example will be analyzed and the information obtained from it will be explained; this will be helpful to have a genera

...l product, efficiently '''linking''' them together to form a '''continuous flow stream of value'''.<ref name="VSA as lean">http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/ *'''Flow:''' seamless movement through value-creating steps.

<li>'''Performance Reports''' - Performance reporting gives information on the scope performance, comparing which deliverables have been completed ...he lessons learned through the project requires to be documented, and this information should be available to improve other projects in the future and probably no

... create more lines in the table and replace the example text with your own information: |[[BIM-based information flow during construction phase]]

... the construction industry often thought of as ''having a sustainable work flow''. A continuing increasing movement is however about to change the meaning. :* first-order information loops around static standards, and

...location conflicts are marked with the red squares. By optimizing the work flow and reallocating resources between the tasks, an optimized schedule can be ... <ref name=Winch>Winch, Graham (2010), "Managing Construction Projects. An Information Processing Approach" Second Edition, Wiley-Blackwell, United Kingdom. ISBN

...ss. Insecurity often result in withhold of important information about the flow and processes, and will consequent lead to delay and loss of value. One vit ...wiki/Muda_(Japanese_term) Muda]</span>) is often present within the a work flow system. This waste is identified by reflecting the current state. The futur

...he output doesn't have be a physical product but can as well be a service, information or conducted paperwork as illustrated on Figure 1. Examples of defects that * Missing information in drawing material

...mmon ways to rearrange or change the matrix to reduce loops of information flow or to let non-dependent activities run in parallel. Also the practical proc ...ction of buildings a simple Gantt chart may be of use to schedule the work flow of different tasks. Otherwise a CPM analysis (Critical Path Method), CCM an

... less time is spend on queuing before being processed and the reduction of flow variation, resulting in continuous ongoing improvements. - Make the value adding steps flow without interruption

...s changes since 1990, due to the growth of the internet, which changed the information flows on construction projects. These changes are grouped under the term e- ...esses. The evolution of ICT in the recent years has changed the process of information creation, storage and access. Through fixed ICT agreements the optimal foun

...of [[Communication in Project Management]] enabling continuous information flow to translate the owner’s value preposition into a successful project. The ...s to see both the limitations and advantages of this method of information flow. First the paper will make a description and application of BIM during the

...ling]</span> (BIM) which is a process that came to revolutionize the work -flow of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry. The fourt ...construct and manage buildings through a holistic approach and model-based information. Figure 1. shows the 7-dimensions of BIM.

...t places the construction project manager as the key person in the project information flows. <ref> Winch, G. (2010). Managing Construction Projects. Wiley-Blackw ...formation flow during construction phase#Application|BIM-based information flow during construction phase § Application]]''

... are fixed price, can do no more than manage the shape of the project cash-flow s-curve.<ref name="winch2">Winch, Graham M., Routledge, (2014) "Institution This paper synthesizes some of the information that exists around international construction industry productivity and com

[[Cash Flow in construction industry]] presents an aspect of utmost importance for the the accountant. Cash flow is an ongoing process, in which the project manager must cope with

...ness of assumptions. It is also possible to use cause and effect diagrams, flow charts and influence diagrams. These methods for identifying risk sources, ..., with a three-step data flow <ref name=" PMI " />, is defined. Inputs are information used for the risk identification and the risk register is the product of ri

===Discounted cash flow=== ...e exploitation of the project. This concept is referred as discounted cash flow.

Cash Flow in construction industry presents an aspect of utmost importance for the co the accountant. Cash flow is an ongoing process, in which the project manager must cope with

... does not have to be a physical product but can just as well be a service, information or conducted paperwork as illustrated by Figure 1. Examples of defects that * Missing information in drawing material

... less time is spend on queuing before being processed and the reduction of flow variation, resulting in continuous ongoing improvements. * Make the value adding steps flow without interruption

This page is mostly oriented for project management information-seekers students or practitioners. * Cash flow ([http://wiki.doing-projects.org/index.php/Cash_flow_and_milestone_payments

*Payback analysis – simply considers the cash flow of costs and benefits *Discounted cash flow – considers the ‘time value’ of cash flows

...nties and strategy modifications. According to Simons they are "the formal information systems that managers use to monitor organizational outcomes and correct de ...y creating '''positive forces'''. According to Simons they are the "formal information systems managers use to involve themselves regularly and personally in the

===Information gathering=== *System or process flow charts: shows how elements in the project interrelate.

... financial measurement. Is the classic organisations measurement like cash flow, income, return and more like it. Dependent on which phase the organization Also that it is dependent on the information given to the tool. if wrong information gets in the wrong info comes out.

*Design an optimum flow ... the week is to develop solutions to eliminate critical waste, develop new flow scenarios with new standard work combinations, prioritize changes, plan the

...gement decisions; reveals and defines both methodicalness and slack in the flow plan or the network of sequential activities that must be performed to meet In this model, the activities are represented as boxes with all the information and the events as the arrows linking them.

...He is usually responsible for the P&Id (explanation later) and the process flow diagram and development. ...d each team member has to acknowledge their definitions. At the same time, information about the plant’s design/operating data are gathered.

... B could be assumed due to the uncertainty of the future. As a result, the flow in the project plan will be altered<ref name="PMIPRO"></ref>. |+'''Table 1:''' General flow Vs Scenario-based flow of project plan <ref name="PMIPRO"> Craddock, W. T. (2009) "''What are the

... system is providing information about the progression of a project. These information should be available in a time range that allows the project manager to even Performance reporting needs to provide information at an appropriate level for each audience as it is delivered the project ma

...croll through the entire project life cycle. Figure 2 discloses the system flow and output of Teamweek. Additionally, the scrolling calendar allows more lo ** Introduction to “Total Information Transfer System” an internet-based project management system mainly used

[[File:scopecreep2.png|400px|thumb|right|Flow chart: How to deal with a scope change request ]] ...t and Develop it). The source is highly relevant in terms of more academic information and includes many real life examples.

... and a preliminary technical assessment. The market assessment will gather information about the market and will try to determine the potential future market posi ...decision on the idea screen gate with the consideration of the most recent information gathered from the stage 1. At this gate additional criteria may be added, d

...or any program or portfolio, where there is a more or less uninterruptible flow of projects that starts and ends, are the capabilities of the persons who l ...lem. Project managers must be able to; focus on the project goals, analyze information, use and follow a decision-making process, involve team members in the deci

... it is important to ensure any implications are accounted for. The process flow of Scope Change Control includes inputs, tools and outputs. This is depicte ... carries corrective actions. All learnings must be documented so that this information is available for future projects

...s V-Model vs Agile: A Comparative Study on SDLC", International Journal of Information Technology and Business Management (JITBM), 2012 </ref>

...L. A.H.M., Natrop M. (2015) BIM ON THE CONSTRUCTION SITE: PROVIDING HIDDEN INFORMATION ON TASK SPECIFIC DRAWINGS, ITcon, Vol. 20, 97, ISSN 1874-4753'' </ref>. Thi ...h <ref test=''(Hattab, 2013)''> ''Hattab M., Hamzeh F., (2013) INFORMATION FLOW COMPARISON BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND BIM-BASED PROJECTS IN THE DESIGN PHASE,

...from the project manager’s side is all that is required for a project to flow much more smoothly. Incidentally, both of these theorems are somewhat appli ...ontact” is a confidential knowledgeable person in the U.S., who provides information regarding the ADS-B system used in the tracking system.]]

...ir contractual obligations. It involves decision-making and timely flow of information to achieve project goal in conformity with the contract documents. In pract : Focuses on collecting and analyzing information to provide assurance to the customer that progress is being made in line wi

A ''network'' is a flow diagram constituting of activities and events that are connected logically Such estimation information can be used for this step of the process.

''“A strategy for flow efficiency, with key principles just-in-time and visual management”'' • '''Flow:''' The product should go through the production process, which should only

...ect, about what happened. The outcome of these measurements do not provide information about the cause of that result nor what to do about it <ref name="amara">Am * performance measurement should convey information through as few and as simple a set of measures as possible

Collecting all information on a spreadsheet or worksheet ensures full transparency and high commitment ...s a crucial part of the goal setting as it strongly influences the project flow.

Decision Tree is a graphical method for illustrating the flow of decisions faced on a project depending on the possibility of each decis ...e relationship among various actions and thereby, is representation of the flow of events, and as such, stays robust with a little chance for errors, provi

... how it is applied to various management standards to achieve optimal cash flow in systems. The book was first published in 1984 and since has been revised ...of 2017 and its content is able to be verified by similar articles and the information they value. </ref>. Bottlenecks often results in slow production times, sur

... projects is by ensuring that the people/teams are communicating the right information at the right time. But in order to do that, it is first and foremost necess ...es of interdependency data can be represented on a DSM. They can represent information relations among components of a product, teams working on a project, activi

*'''''Payback Period''''' - simply considers the cash flow of costs and benefits ...n stage is a rather challenging task, due to the lack of available project information. Therefore, cost estimation models using parametric computational methods